ORACLE user profile配置/管理/维护
今天在新数据库上面创建一个USER时，要求配置资源限制，很久没有玩ORACLE了，这个东西还玩得差不多了。userprofile包括了两部分内容，1.是资源的限制，但是这个
今天在新数据库上面创建一个USER时，要求配置资源限制，很久没有玩ORACLE了，这个东西还玩得差不多了。
user profile包括了两部分内容，1.是资源的限制，但是这个默认是不生效的，香港服务器，要启动(resource_limit为true)才生效。2.用户密码限制，这个配置后，再用户下次登陆就生效。通过user profile配置的限制都是在用户下次登陆时生效，对当前的session不生效。数据库中有一个默认的profile,名字是DEFAULT，在11G前这个DEFAULT没有任何的限制，但是从11G开始，对PASSWORD_LIFE_TIME 为180，FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS为10次。
资源的限制包括下面几个部分
密码限制由下面几个部分组成
下面是详细的说明
SESSIONS_PER_USER：指定每一个用户最大可以并发sessions，如果达到了最大session后会报ORA-02391: exceeded simultaneous SESSIONS_PER_USER limit错误
CPU_PER_SESSION：指定每一个SESSION总共使用CPU时间，单位是1/100秒，如果超过后会报下面的错误ORA-02392: exceeded session limit on CPU usage, you are being logged off
CPU_PER_CALL：每一次CALL使用的CPU时间，也就是一条SQL调用（a parse, execute, or fetch），单位是1/100秒，如果超过后会报ORA-02393: exceeded call limit on CPU usage。
CONNECT_TIME：限制一个session总的连接时间，单位为分钟。如果超过最大值会报ORA-02399: exceeded maximum connect time, you are being logged off
IDLE_TIME：指定一个session空闲的时间，单位为分钟。如果超过最大值会报ORA-02396: exceeded maximum idle time, please connect again
LOGICAL_READS_PER_SESSION：限制每一个session读取logical块的个数。
LOGICAL_READS_PER_CALL：限制一条SQL读取logical块的个数。如果超过最大值会报ORA-02395: exceeded call limit on IO usage
PRIVATE_SGA：限制一个session在sga中私有空间的分配。
COMPOSITE_LIMIT:指定一个session总的资源代价。
FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS：指定帐户在被锁之前可以使用错误密码尝试登陆的次数，默认是10次
PASSWORD_LIFE_TIME：指定密码存活的天数，默认是180天。
PASSWORD_LOCK_TIME：登陆失败过，帐户被锁定的天数。默认值是1天。
PASSWORD_GRACE_TIME：指密码到期后，还可以使用多少天来登陆数据库，默认是7天。
PASSWORD_VERIFY_FUNCTION：指定密码验证函数。如果为null就表示没有。
PASSWORD_REUSE_TIME and PASSWORD_REUSE_MAX ：这个两个参数要一起配置才会生效，PASSWORD_REUSE_TIME指相同密码被重用的间隔天数，PASSWORD_REUSE_MAX相同密码再次被重用要求最低的密码修改次数（不包括本次修改成重用密码）
下面是开始测试：
测试环境：OS RHEL 5.6 X86_64 DB:11.2.0.2
1，香港服务器，创建profile
2.查看profile的内容
3 修改/查看某个用户的profile
4 修改profile中的资源的值。
这里包括两部分的内容，1.修改成用户指定的值，2.是修改成系统默认的值
5 删除profile
当某个profile被删除时，如果这个profile已经被分配给某个用户，那么我们在删除的时候要加上cascade，并且已经被分配的用户的profile会被自己修改成default profile。
6。修改参数，使资源限制生效
这个参数默认值是false,是一个动态参数
user profile这个比较操作比较简单，香港服务器租用，重要的是要理解里面参数的含意。
下面是资源限制达到最大值后的报错提示。
本文出自 “认真就输” 博客，请务必保留此出处
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