Charlie.Gou
SQL执行顺序 SQL 不同于与其他编程语言的最明显特征是处理代码的顺序。在大数编程语言中，代码按编码顺序被处理，但是在SQL语言中，第一个被处理的子句是FROM子句，尽管SELECT语句第一个出现，但是几乎总是最后被处理。 每个步骤都会产生一个虚拟表，该虚拟
SQL执行顺序
SQL 不同于与其他编程语言的最明显特征是处理代码的顺序。在大数编程语言中，代码按编码顺序被处理，但是在SQL语言中，第一个被处理的子句是FROM子句，尽管SELECT语句第一个出现，但是几乎总是最后被处理。
每个步骤都会产生一个虚拟表，该虚拟表被用作下一个步骤的输入。这些虚拟表对调用者（客户端应用程序或者外部查询）不可用。只是最后一步生成的表才会返回 给调用者。如果没有在查询中指定某一子句，将跳过相应的步骤。下面是对应用于SQL server 2000和SQL Server 2005的各个逻辑步骤的简单描述。
(list> ( (right_table> (2)ON join_condition> (4)WHERE where_condition> (group_by_list> (6)WITH CUBE | RollUP> (7)HAVING having_condition> (order_by_list>
逻辑查询处理阶段简介
注：步骤10，美国服务器，按ORDER BY子句中的列列表排序上步返回的行，返回游标VC10.这一步是第一步也是唯一一步可以使用SELECT列表中的列别名的步骤。这一步不同于其它步骤的 是，服务器空间，它不返回有效的表，而是返回一个游标。SQL是基于集合理论的。集合不会预先对它的行排序，它只是成员的逻辑集合，成员的顺序无关紧要。对表进行排序 的查询可以返回一个对象，包含按特定物理顺序组织的行。ANSI把这种对象称为游标。理解这一步是正确理解SQL的基础。
因为这一步不返回表（而是返回游标），使用了ORDER BY子句的查询不能用作表表达式。表表达式包括：视图、内联表值函数、子查询、派生表和共用表达式。它的结果必须返回给期望得到物理记录的客户端应用程序。例如，下面的派生表查询无效，并产生一个错误：
下面的视图也会产生错误
在SQL中，表表达式中不允许使用带有ORDER BY子句的查询，而在T—SQL中却有一个例外（应用TOP选项）。
所以要记住，不要为表中的行假设任何特定的顺序。换句话说，除非你确定要有序行，否则不要指定ORDER BY 子句。排序是需要成本的，香港服务器，SQL Server需要执行有序索引扫描或使用排序运行符。
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