Home Database Mysql Tutorial 浅谈SQL Server中的事务日志(五)----日志在高可用和灾难恢复中的作用

浅谈SQL Server中的事务日志(五)----日志在高可用和灾难恢复中的作用

Jun 07, 2016 pm 05:45 PM
server affairs log

本篇文章是系列文章中的第五篇,是对前一个日志系列的补充篇。如果您对日志的基本概念还没有一个比较系统的了解,可以参看本系列之前的文章: 浅谈SQL Server中的事务日志(一)----事务日志的物理和逻辑构架 浅谈SQL Server中的事务日志(二)----事务日志在修

本篇文章是系列文章中的第五篇,是对前一个日志系列的补充篇。如果您对日志的基本概念还没有一个比较系统的了解,可以参看本系列之前的文章:

浅谈SQL Server中的事务日志(一)----事务日志的物理和逻辑构架

浅谈SQL Server中的事务日志(二)----事务日志在修改数据时的角色

浅谈SQL Server中的事务日志(三)----在简单恢复模式下日志的角色

浅谈SQL Server中的事务日志(四)----在完整恢复模式下日志的角色

 

简介

    日志的作用是保证持久性和数据一致性,通过日志可以实现数据的Undo与Redo,因此通过日志,SQL Server不仅仅可以实现灾难恢复,还可以通过日志的Redo来实现高可用性。本篇文章主要讲述日志在SQL Server中提供的几种高可用性中的作用以及在灾难恢复中的角色。

 

日志损坏

    日志可能会由于IO子系统的故障而损坏,当出现日志损坏时,如果您对日志的原来略有了解,并能在日志损坏的情况下尽量挽救数据,那么感觉一定是非常好的:-),下面我们来了解几种日志损坏的情况下的恢复情况。

 

1.数据库正常关闭,日志损坏。

    当数据库正常关闭时,日志损坏就不是那么重要了,因为此时数据库中所有提交的事务对应的脏数据都已经CheckPoint到物理磁盘,因此不存在数据不一致的问题。因此,如果MDF和NDF文件完好,直接指定 FOR ATTACH_REBUILD_LOG参数后附加即可,如图1所示。

1

图1.如果数据库正常关闭,直接附加即可

 

    但值得注意的是,使用该方式附加数据库会自动重建日志文件,日志文件大小为0.5MB,也就是2个VLF,自动增长为10%,因此您需要手动再来设置一下日志的大小,避免出现太多VLF的情况。

 

2.数据库非正常关闭,日志损坏

    在讲述这种情况之前,我们首先来看数据库所能处在的几种状态,一个完整的模型如图2所示。

   

2

    图2.数据库所能处在的状态关系

   

    上面的几种状态的具体转换关系超出了本文的讨论范围,香港虚拟主机,但是这里我会强调两种和日志损坏关系很大的状态:RECOVERY_PENDING和SUSPECT状态。

    假如出现了数据库没有正常关闭,也就是还有数据没有CheckPoint到磁盘,如果数据库要启动就必须经历Recovery过程,如果日志损坏,则无法进行该Recovery过程,就会造成数据不一致的问题。

    此时,数据库可能处于下面两种状态之一:

  • RECOVERY_PENDING:需要运行crash recovery,但该过程由于资源等待无法开始,比如说日志完全损坏
  • SUSPECT:crash recovery已经开始,但无法完成
  •  

        因此处理该类情况要基于您所在的业务环境是否允许数据损失,可以选择从备份中恢复数据,或是将数据库状态改为EMERGENCY。EMERGENCY模式意味着数据库跳过crash recovery阶段,虚拟主机,香港虚拟主机,此时虽然可以访问数据库,但是会存在数据事务不一致的问题,如果仅仅是某些数据页不一致还好,但如果是对表结构修改的事务存在,那就可能存在数据库架构不一致的问题。如果您没有合适的备份集,那只能通过该方式来恢复数据。将数据库设置为EMERGENCY模式非常简单,如代码清单1所示。

    ALTER DATABASE AdventureWorks2012 SET EMERGENCY

    Statement of this Website
    The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn

    Hot AI Tools

    Undresser.AI Undress

    Undresser.AI Undress

    AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

    AI Clothes Remover

    AI Clothes Remover

    Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

    Undress AI Tool

    Undress AI Tool

    Undress images for free

    Clothoff.io

    Clothoff.io

    AI clothes remover

    AI Hentai Generator

    AI Hentai Generator

    Generate AI Hentai for free.

    Hot Article

    R.E.P.O. Energy Crystals Explained and What They Do (Yellow Crystal)
    3 weeks ago By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
    R.E.P.O. Best Graphic Settings
    3 weeks ago By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
    R.E.P.O. How to Fix Audio if You Can't Hear Anyone
    3 weeks ago By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌

    Hot Tools

    Notepad++7.3.1

    Notepad++7.3.1

    Easy-to-use and free code editor

    SublimeText3 Chinese version

    SublimeText3 Chinese version

    Chinese version, very easy to use

    Zend Studio 13.0.1

    Zend Studio 13.0.1

    Powerful PHP integrated development environment

    Dreamweaver CS6

    Dreamweaver CS6

    Visual web development tools

    SublimeText3 Mac version

    SublimeText3 Mac version

    God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

    What is event ID 6013 in win10? What is event ID 6013 in win10? Jan 09, 2024 am 10:09 AM

    The logs of win10 can help users understand the system usage in detail. Many users must have encountered log 6013 when looking for their own management logs. So what does this code mean? Let’s introduce it below. What is win10 log 6013: 1. This is a normal log. The information in this log does not mean that your computer has been restarted, but it indicates how long the system has been running since the last startup. This log will appear once every day at 12 o'clock sharp. How to check how long the system has been running? You can enter systeminfo in cmd. There is one line in it.

    Troubleshooting Event 7034 Error Log Issues in Win10 Troubleshooting Event 7034 Error Log Issues in Win10 Jan 11, 2024 pm 02:06 PM

    The logs of win10 can help users understand the system usage in detail. Many users must have seen a lot of error logs when looking for their own management logs. So how to solve them? Let’s take a look below. . How to solve win10 log event 7034: 1. Click "Start" to open "Control Panel" 2. Find "Administrative Tools" 3. Click "Services" 4. Find HDZBCommServiceForV2.0, right-click "Stop Service" and change it to "Manual Start "

    How to install, uninstall, and reset Windows server backup How to install, uninstall, and reset Windows server backup Mar 06, 2024 am 10:37 AM

    WindowsServerBackup is a function that comes with the WindowsServer operating system, designed to help users protect important data and system configurations, and provide complete backup and recovery solutions for small, medium and enterprise-level enterprises. Only users running Server2022 and higher can use this feature. In this article, we will explain how to install, uninstall or reset WindowsServerBackup. How to Reset Windows Server Backup If you are experiencing problems with your server backup, the backup is taking too long, or you are unable to access stored files, then you may consider resetting your Windows Server backup settings. To reset Windows

    Lock wait timeout exceeded; try restarting transaction - How to solve MySQL error: transaction wait timeout Lock wait timeout exceeded; try restarting transaction - How to solve MySQL error: transaction wait timeout Oct 05, 2023 am 08:46 AM

    Lockwaittimeoutexceeded;tryrestartingtransaction - How to solve the MySQL error: transaction wait timeout. When using the MySQL database, you may sometimes encounter a common error: Lockwaittimeoutexceeded;tryrestartingtransaction. This error indicates that the transaction wait timeout. This error usually occurs when

    Detailed explanation of log viewing command in Linux system! Detailed explanation of log viewing command in Linux system! Mar 06, 2024 pm 03:55 PM

    In Linux systems, you can use the following command to view the contents of the log file: tail command: The tail command is used to display the content at the end of the log file. It is a common command to view the latest log information. tail [option] [file name] Commonly used options include: -n: Specify the number of lines to be displayed, the default is 10 lines. -f: Monitor the file content in real time and automatically display the new content when the file is updated. Example: tail-n20logfile.txt#Display the last 20 lines of the logfile.txt file tail-flogfile.txt#Monitor the updated content of the logfile.txt file in real time head command: The head command is used to display the beginning of the log file

    How to view your medication log history in the Health app on iPhone How to view your medication log history in the Health app on iPhone Nov 29, 2023 pm 08:46 PM

    iPhone lets you add medications to the Health app to track and manage the medications, vitamins and supplements you take every day. You can then log medications you've taken or skipped when you receive a notification on your device. After you log your medications, you can see how often you took or skipped them to help you track your health. In this post, we will guide you to view the log history of selected medications in the Health app on iPhone. A short guide on how to view your medication log history in the Health App: Go to the Health App>Browse>Medications>Medications>Select a Medication>Options&a

    MySQL transaction processing: the difference between automatic submission and manual submission MySQL transaction processing: the difference between automatic submission and manual submission Mar 16, 2024 am 11:33 AM

    MySQL transaction processing: the difference between automatic submission and manual submission. In the MySQL database, a transaction is a set of SQL statements. Either all executions are successful or all executions fail, ensuring the consistency and integrity of the data. In MySQL, transactions can be divided into automatic submission and manual submission. The difference lies in the timing of transaction submission and the scope of control over the transaction. The following will introduce the difference between automatic submission and manual submission in detail, and give specific code examples to illustrate. 1. Automatically submit in MySQL, if it is not displayed

    Windows Server 2025 preview version welcomes update, Microsoft improves Insiders testing experience Windows Server 2025 preview version welcomes update, Microsoft improves Insiders testing experience Feb 19, 2024 pm 02:36 PM

    On the occasion of releasing the build 26040 version of Windows Server, Microsoft announced the official name of the product: Windows Server 2025. Also launched is the Windows11WindowsInsiderCanaryChannel version build26040. Some friends may still remember that many years ago someone successfully converted Windows NT from workstation mode to server mode, showing the commonalities between various versions of Microsoft operating systems. Although there are clear differences between Microsoft's current version of the server operating system and Windows 11, those who pay attention to the details may be curious: why Windows Server updated the brand,

    See all articles