mssql 数据库重命名及错误分析
mssql 重命名及错误分析
1. 查看数据库的版本
select @@version
常见的几种SQL SERVER打补丁后的版本号:
8.00.194 Microsoft SQL Server 2000
8.00.384 Microsoft SQL Server 2000 SP1
8.00.532 Microsoft SQL Server 2000 SP2
8.00.760 Microsoft SQL Server 2000 SP3
8.00.818 Microsoft SQL Server 2000 SP3 w/ Cumulative Patch MS03-031
8.00.2039 Microsoft SQL Server 2000 SP4
2. 查看数据库所在机器操作系统参数
exec master..xp_msver
3. 查看数据库启动的参数
sp_configure
4. 查看数据库启动时间
select convert(varchar(30),login_time,120) from master..sysprocesses
where spid=1
查看数据库服务器名和实例名
print 'Server Name...............: ' + convert(varchar(30),@@SERVERNAME)
print 'Instance..................: ' + convert(varchar(30),@@SERVICENAME)
5. 查看所有数据库名称及大小
sp_helpdb
重命名数据库用的SQL
sp_renamedb 'old_dbname', 'new_dbname'
6. 查看所有数据库用户登录信息
sp_helplogins
查看所有数据库用户所属的角色信息
sp_helrvrolemember
修复迁移服务器时孤立用户时,可以用的fix_orphan_user脚本或者LoneUser过程
更改某个数据对象的用户属主
sp_changeobjectowner [@objectname =] 'object', [@newowner =] 'owner'
注意: 更改对象名的任一部分都可能破坏脚本和存储过程。
把一台服务器上的数据库用户登录信息备份出来可以用add_login_to_aserver脚本
查看某数据库下,对象级用户权限
sp_helprotect
7. 查看链接服务器
sp_helplinkedsrvlogin
查看远端数据库用户登录信息
sp_helpremotelogin
8.查看某数据库下某个数据对象的大小
sp_spaceused @objname
还可以用sp_toptables过程看最大的N(默认为50)个表
查看某数据库下某个数据对象的索引信息
sp_helpindex @objname
还可以用SP_NChelpindex过程查看更详细的索引情况
SP_NChelpindex @objname
clustered索引是把记录按物理顺序排列的,索引占的空间比较少。
对键值DML操作十分频繁的表我建议用非clustered索引和约束,fillfactor参数都
用默认值。
查看某数据库下某个数据对象的的约束信息
sp_helpconstraint @objname
9.查看数据库里所有的存储过程和函数
use @database_name
sp_stored_procedures
查看存储过程和函数的源代码
sp_helptext '@procedure_name'
查看包含某个字符串@str的数据对象名称
select distinct object_name(id) from syscomments where text like '%@str%'
创建加密的存储过程或函数在AS前面加WITH ENCRYPTION参数
解密加密过的存储过程和函数可以用sp_decrypt过程
10.查看数据库里用户和进程的信息
sp_who
查看SQL Server数据库里的活动用户和进程的信息
sp_who 'active'
查看SQL Server数据库里的锁的情况
sp_lock
进程号1--50是SQL Server系统内部用的,进程号大于50的才是用户的连接进程.
spid是进程编号,dbid是数据库编号,objid是数据对象编号
查看进程正在执行的SQL语句
dbcc inputbuffer ()
推荐大家用经过改进后的sp_who3过程可以直接看到进程运行的SQL语句
sp_who3
检查死锁用sp_who_lock过程
sp_who_lock
11.查看和收缩数据库日志文件的方法
查看所有数据库日志文件大小
dbcc sqlperf(logspace)
如果某些日志文件较大,收缩简单恢复模式数据库日志,收缩后
@database_name_log的大小单位为M
backup log @database_name with no_log
dbcc shrinkfile (@database_name_log, 5)
12.分析SQL Server SQL 语句的方法:
set statistics time {on | off}
set statistics io {on | off}
图形方式显示查询执行计划
在查询分析器->查询->显示估计的评估计划(D)-Ctrl-L 或者点击工具栏里的图形
文本方式显示查询执行计划
set showplan_all {on | off}
set showplan_text { on | off }
set statistics profile { on | off }
13.出现不一致错误时,NT事件查看器里出3624号错误,修复数据库的方法
先注释掉应用程序里引用的出现不一致性错误的表,然后在备份或其它机器上先恢
复然后做修复操作
alter database [@error_database_name] set single_user
修复出现不一致错误的表
dbcc checktable('@error_table_name',repair_allow_data_loss)
或者可惜选择修复出现不一致错误的小型数据库名
dbcc checkdb('@error_database_name',repair_allow_data_loss)
alter database [@error_database_name] set multi_user
CHECKDB 有3个参数:
repair_allow_data_loss 包括对行和页进行分配和取消分配以改正分配错误、结构
行或页的错误,以及删除已损坏的文本对象,这些修复可能会导致一些数据丢失。
修复操作可以在用户事务下完成以允许用户回滚所做的更改。
如果回滚修复,则数据库仍会含有错误,应该从备份进行恢复。
如果由于所提供修复等级的缘故遗漏某个错误的修复,则将遗漏任何取决于该修复
的修复。
修复完成后,请备份数据库。
repair_rest 进行小的、不耗时的修复操作,如修复非聚集索引中的附加键。
这些修复可以很快完成,并且不会有丢失数据的危险。
repair_rebuild 执行由 repair_rest 完成的所有修复,包括需要较长时间的修复
(如重建索引)。
执行这些修复时不会有丢失数据的危险。

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