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select into 和 insert into select 全表复制sql语句

Jun 07, 2016 pm 05:49 PM
insert into select

select into 和 insert into select 全表复制sql语句 有需要的朋友可参考一下。

Insert是T-sql中常用语句,Insert INTO table(field1,field2,...) values(value1,value2,...)这种形式的在应用程序开发中必不可少。但我们在开发、测试过程中,经常会遇到需要表复制的情况,如将 一个table1的数据的部分字段复制到table2中,或者将整个table1复制到table2中,这时候我们就要使用SELECT INTO 和 INSERT INTO SELECT 表复制语句了。

区别

 代码如下 复制代码

select * into destTbl from srcTbl

insert into destTbl(fld1, fld2) select fld1, 5 from srcTbl

以上两句都是将 srcTbl 的数据插入到 destTbl,但两句又有区别的。

第一句(select into from)要求目标表(destTbl)不存在,因为在插入时会自动创建。

第二句(insert into select from)要求目标表(destTbl)存在,由于目标表已经存在,所以我们除了插入源表(srcTbl)的字段外,还可以插入常量


1.INSERT INTO SELECT语句

语句形式为:Insert into Table2(field1,field2,...) select value1,value2,... from Table1

要求目标表Table2必须存在,由于目标表Table2已经存在,所以我们除了插入源表Table1的字段外,还可以插入常量。示例如下:

 代码如下 复制代码

CREATE PROC getBusinessLineHistory 
AS 
BEGIN 
    SELECT * FROM sys.databases 
END 
GO 
 
sp_configure 'Show Advanced Options', 1 
GO 
RECONFIGURE 
GO 
sp_configure 'Ad Hoc Distributed Queries', 1 
GO 
RECONFIGURE 
GO 
 
SELECT * INTO #MyTempTable FROM OPENROWSET('SQLNCLI', 'Server=(local)SQL2008;Trusted_Connection=yes;', 
     'EXEC getBusinessLineHistory') 
 
SELECT * FROM #MyTempTable 


INSERT INTO SELECT语句复制表数据

2.SELECT INTO FROM语句

语句形式为:SELECT vale1, value2 into Table2 from Table1

要求目标表Table2不存在,因为在插入时会自动创建表Table2,并将Table1中指定字段数据复制到Table2中。示例如下:

SELECT INTO FROM创建表并复制表数据

 代码如下 复制代码

--1.创建测试表
    create TABLE Table1
    (
        a varchar(10),
        b varchar(10),
        c varchar(10),
        CONSTRAINT [PK_Table1] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED
        (
            a ASC
        )
    ) ON [PRIMARY]
    GO

    --2.创建测试数据
    Insert into Table1 values('赵','asds','90')
    Insert into Table1 values('钱','asds','100')
    Insert into Table1 values('孙','asds','80')
    Insert into Table1 values('李','asds',null)
    GO

    --3.SELECT INTO FROM语句创建表Table2并复制数据
    select a,c INTO Table2 from Table1
    GO

    --4.显示更新后的结果
    select * from Table2
    GO
    --5.删除测试表
    drop TABLE Table1
    drop TABLE Table2

注意

表中没有记录返回时出错,表中有多条记录返回时也出错,用异常保护。

 代码如下 复制代码

declare
jobid integer;
begin
    begin
        select job into jobid from all_jobs where what='testjob';
        exception
                when others then
                        jobid:=' ';      --给一个指定值
   end;
end;

同时给多个变量赋值没有问题:

select 字段1,字段2,字段3 into 变量1,变量2,变量3 from 表名 where...

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