Home Database Mysql Tutorial sql varchar排序CAST/CONVERT实现语句

sql varchar排序CAST/CONVERT实现语句

Jun 07, 2016 pm 05:51 PM

文章介绍了在自己利用普通排序对数据进行排序时发现varchar字符串排序无法得到我们想要的结果,下面我们来介绍利用 case或convert来解决这个问题。

是今天在后台发现排序有问题。于是,没办法,改之。下面简单说一下MySQL的varchar排序问题,引以为戒。

示例表结构:
先来看一下,我的表结构

 代码如下 复制代码
show create table cardserver G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
       Table: cardserver
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `cardserver` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL default '0',
  `ver` int(11) default NULL,
  `createtime` datetime default NULL,
  `updatetime` datetime default NULL,
  `game_id` int(2) NOT NULL default '0',
  `server_id` varchar(2) NOT NULL default '',
  `server_name` varchar(40) NOT NULL default '',
  PRIMARY KEY  (`id`),
  UNIQUE KEY `game_id_server_id` (`game_id`,`server_id`),
  UNIQUE KEY `game_id_server_name` (`game_id`,`server_name`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=gbk

1 row in set (0.00 sec)因为有外键的存在,所以我不想改变字段类型,费劲啊。呵呵。虽然最后我还是选择了更改字段类型,这是后话。因为我本篇日志想要说明的是varchar排序问题。所以不再说明我是如何更改字段类型的,大家有兴趣可以搜索我以前的日志。(骗一下点击)
现象描述:
下面,我从里面以server_id排一下序,大家来看一下排序后的结果:

 代码如下 复制代码
select server_id from cardserver where game_id = 1 order by server_id desc limit 10;
+-----------+
| server_id |
+-----------+
| 8         |
| 7         |
| 6         |
| 5         |
| 4         |
| 3         |
| 2         |
| 10        |
| 1         |

+-----------+很明显,我想要的结果应该是 10,8,7,6,5 这样的。但是这个10排在了2的后面。按照字符串来排的。其实我是想把它当做数值来排。
手动转换类型:
用下面的方法就可以了,使server_id+0之后再排序,问题解决了。

 代码如下 复制代码
select server_id from cardserver where game_id = 1 order by server_id+0 desc limit 10;
+-----------+
| server_id |
+-----------+
| 10        |
| 8         |
| 7         |
| 6         |
| 5         |
| 4         |
| 3         |
| 2         |
| 1         |
+-----------+

使用MySQL函数CAST/CONVERT:
mysql为我们提供了两个类型转换函数:CAST和CONVERT,现成的东西我们怎能放过?
CAST() 和CONVERT() 函数可用来获取一个类型的值,并产生另一个类型的值。
这个类型 可以是以下值其中的 一个:
BINARY[(N)]
CHAR[(N)]
DATE
DATETIME
DECIMAL
SIGNED [INTEGER]
TIME
UNSIGNED [INTEGER]
所以我们也可以用CAST解决问题:

 代码如下 复制代码
select server_id from cardserver where game_id = 1 order by CAST(server_id as SIGNED) desc limit 10;
+-----------+
| server_id |
+-----------+
| 10        |
| 8         |
| 7         |
| 6         |
| 5         |
| 4         |
| 3         |
| 2         |
| 1         |
+-----------+

也可以使用CONVERT来搞定此问题:

 代码如下 复制代码
select server_id from cardserver where game_id = 1 order by CONVERT(server_id,SIGNED) desc limit 10;
+-----------+
| server_id |
+-----------+
| 10        |
| 8         |
| 7         |
| 6         |
| 5         |
| 4         |
| 3         |
| 2         |
| 1         |
+-----------+

总结:方法有很多要看自己动脑子了,所谓的条条大道通罗马也是这个意思了。

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