Home Database Mysql Tutorial MySQL中获得更好的全文搜索结果

MySQL中获得更好的全文搜索结果

Jun 07, 2016 pm 05:51 PM
research all

本文章介绍一下关于MySQL中获得更好的全文搜索结果,有需要的朋友可看看。

 MySQL针对这一问题提供了一种基于内建的全文查找方式的解决方案。在此,开发者只需要简单地标记出需要全文查找的字段,然后使用特殊的MySQL方法在那些字段运行搜索,这不仅仅提高了性能和效率(因为MySQL对这些字段做了索引来优化搜索),而且实现了更高质量的搜索,因为MySQL使用自然语言来智能地对结果评级,以去掉不相关的项目。

  这篇文章将向您讲述在MySQL中如何进行。

  1、设置基本表格

  从创建例子表格开始,使用以下的SQL命令:

 代码如下 复制代码

  > CREATE TABLE reviews (id INT(5)

  PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, data TEXT);

  以上命令创建了一个简单的音乐专集资料库(主要是整段的文字),然后向这个表格中添加一些记录:

 代码如下 复制代码

 

  mysql> INSERT INTO `reviews` (`id`, `data`) VALUES

  (1, 'Gingerboy has a new single out

  called Throwing Rocks. It's great!');

  mysql> INSERT INTO `reviews` (`id`, `data`) VALUES

  (2, 'Hello all, I really like the new Madonna single.

  One of the hottest tracks currently playing...

  I've been listening to it all day');

  mysql> INSERT INTO `reviews` (`id`, `data`)

  VALUES (3, 'Have you heard the new band Hotter Than Hell?

  They have five members and they burn their

  instruments when they play in concerts.

  These guys totally rock! Like, awesome, dude!');

  验证数据的正确录入:

  mysql> SELECT * FROM reviews;

  +----+--------------------------------------------+

  | id | data |

  +----+--------------------------------------------+

  | 1 | Gingerboy has a new single out called ... |

  | 2 | Hello all, I really like the new Madon ... |

  | 3 | Have you heard the new band Hotter Than... |

  +----+--------------------------------------------+

  3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

  2、定义全文搜索字段

  接下来,定义您要作为全文搜索索引的字段

 代码如下 复制代码

 

  mysql> ALTER TABLE reviews ADD FULLTEXT INDEX (data);

  Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.21 sec)

  Records: 3 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

  使用SHOW INDEXES命令来检查索引已经被添加了:

 代码如下 复制代码

 

  mysql> SHOW INDEXES FROM reviews;

  +---------+---------------+--------+------+------------+---------+

  | Table | Column_name | Packed | Null | Index_type | Comment |

  ----------+---------------+--------+------+------------+---------+

  | reviews | id | NULL | | BTREE | |

  | reviews | data | NULL | YES | FULLTEXT | |

  +---------+---------------+--------+------+------------+---------+

  2 rows in set (0.01 sec)

  3、运行全文搜索

  当您拥有了数据和索引,就可以使用MySQL的全文搜索了,最简单的全文搜索方式是带有MATCH...AGAINST语句的SELECT查询,以下是一个简单的例子,可以来查找含有单词“single”的记录:

 代码如下 复制代码

  mysql> SELECT id FROM reviews WHERE

  MATCH (data) AGAINST ('single');+----+

  | id |

  +----+

  | 1 |

  | 2 |

  +----+

  2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

  在此,MATCH()将作为参数传递给它的字段中的文字与传递给AGAINST()的参数进行比较,如果有匹配的,那就按照正常的方式返回。注意您可以传递不止一个字段用MATCH()来查看­-只需用逗号来分割字段列表。

  当MySQL收到了一个全文搜索的请求,它就在内部对每个记录进行评分,不匹配的记录得分为零,而“更相关”的记录会得到比“不太相关”的记录相对更高的分数。相关性是由MySQL的一系列区分标准来决定的,查看MySQL的用户手册可以得到更多的信息。

  想看到每个记录的评分如何,只需要返回MATCH()方法作为结果集的一部分,如下所示:

 代码如下 复制代码

  mysql> SELECT id, MATCH (data) AGAINST ('rock') FROM reviews;

  +----+-------------------------------+

  | id | MATCH (data) AGAINST ('rock') |

  +----+-------------------------------+

  | 1 | 0 |

  | 2 | 0 |

  | 3 | 1.3862514533815 |

  +----+-------------------------------+

  3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

  4、使用逻辑搜索修饰符(Boolean search modifiers)

  您还可以使用逻辑搜索修饰符来进行更精确的搜索,这通过在AGAINST语句中添加特殊的IN BOOLEAN MODE修饰符来实现,在以下的例子中,将查找含有单词“single”但是没有“Madonna”的记录:

 代码如下 复制代码

  mysql> SELECT id FROM reviews WHERE MATCH

  (data) AGAINST ('+single -madonna' IN BOOLEAN MODE);

  +----+

  | id |

  +----+

  | 1 |

  +----+

  1 row in set (0.00 sec)

  这一搜索特性通常用于搜索单词片断(而不是完整的词语),这可以通过在IN BOOLEAN MODE语句中的*(星号)操作符来实现,以下的例子展示了如何查找单词中含有“hot”的记录:

 代码如下 复制代码

  mysql> SELECT id FROM reviews WHERE MATCH (data)

  AGAINST ('hot*' IN BOOLEAN MODE);+----+

  | id |

  +----+

  | 3 |

  | 2 |

  +----+

  2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

  您还可以使用这种方法来查找至少一个传递到AGAINST的参数中,以下的例子查找了至少包含单词“hell”和“rocks”中的一个的记录:

 代码如下 复制代码

  mysql> SELECT id FROM reviews WHERE MATCH (data)

  AGAINST ('hell rocks' IN BOOLEAN MODE);

  +----+

  | id |

  +----+

  | 1 |

  | 3 |

  +----+

  2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

  以上的这些例子演示了相对于传统的SELECT...LIKE语句,进行全文搜索的更有效的方法,当您下一次需要编写MySQL搜索界面的时候,您可以尝试这一方法。

Statement of this Website
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

AI Hentai Generator

AI Hentai Generator

Generate AI Hentai for free.

Hot Article

R.E.P.O. Energy Crystals Explained and What They Do (Yellow Crystal)
2 weeks ago By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
Repo: How To Revive Teammates
4 weeks ago By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
Hello Kitty Island Adventure: How To Get Giant Seeds
4 weeks ago By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1

Notepad++7.3.1

Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version

SublimeText3 Chinese version

Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6

Dreamweaver CS6

Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version

SublimeText3 Mac version

God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

How to use php extension Sphinx for full text search How to use php extension Sphinx for full text search Jul 29, 2023 am 10:05 AM

How to use PHP extension Sphinx for full-text search Full-text search is one of the common requirements in modern web applications. In order to satisfy users' efficient query and retrieval of data, we can use Sphinx, a powerful open source search engine, to implement the full-text search function. Sphinx is written in C++ and provides PHP extensions to facilitate our use in PHP projects. This article will introduce how to use the PHP extension Sphinx for full-text search

How PHP implements full-text search function and provides convenient information search How PHP implements full-text search function and provides convenient information search Jun 27, 2023 am 09:04 AM

In modern web application development, full-text search functionality has become an essential part. As a language widely used to develop web applications, PHP naturally provides some powerful libraries to support full-text search. In this article, we will delve into how to use PHP to implement full-text search functionality, and provide some tips to make your information search easier. 1. What is full-text search? Full-text search refers to the ability to retrieve a keyword or phrase within a document. Traditional search engines usually simply

How to use PHP and SQLite for full-text search and indexing strategies How to use PHP and SQLite for full-text search and indexing strategies Jul 29, 2023 pm 08:45 PM

How to use PHP and SQLite for full-text search and indexing strategies Introduction: In modern application development, full-text search capabilities are indispensable in many fields. Whether on blogs, news websites, or e-commerce platforms, users are accustomed to using keywords to search. Therefore, to improve user experience and provide better search results, we need to provide full-text search capabilities using appropriate search and indexing strategies. In this article, we will explore how to use PHP and SQLite databases to implement full-text search and

How to use MongoDB to implement full-text search function of data How to use MongoDB to implement full-text search function of data Sep 19, 2023 pm 05:48 PM

How to use MongoDB to implement the full-text search function of data Introduction: With the rapid development of the information age, the full-text search function has become a necessary function for many applications. As a popular NoSQL database, MongoDB also provides powerful full-text search capabilities. This article will introduce how to use MongoDB to implement the full-text search function of data and provide relevant code examples. 1. Introduction to MongoDB full-text search function MongoDB’s full-text search function is based on MongoDB’s text search function.

How to quickly implement full-text search with PHP and Elasticsearch How to quickly implement full-text search with PHP and Elasticsearch Jul 17, 2023 pm 05:17 PM

How to quickly implement full-text search with PHP and Elasticsearch Full-text search is becoming more and more important in modern applications, helping users quickly find the information they need. Elasticsearch is a powerful open source search engine that provides fast and efficient full-text search capabilities. Combining the power of PHP with the flexibility of Elasticsearch, we can easily implement full-text search functionality. This article will show you how to use PHP and Elasticse

How to use PHP to implement full-text search and keyword extraction functions How to use PHP to implement full-text search and keyword extraction functions Sep 05, 2023 pm 02:00 PM

How to use PHP to implement full-text search and keyword extraction functions Full-text search and keyword extraction are common functions in modern websites and applications, which can provide users with a better search experience and relevant recommendations. In PHP, we can use full-text indexing and keyword extraction technology to achieve these functions. This article will introduce how to use PHP to implement full-text search and keyword extraction functions, and provide corresponding code examples. Implementation of full-text search function Full-text search refers to searching for records containing specified keywords in text content. exist

How to implement a full-text search engine in PHP7.0? How to implement a full-text search engine in PHP7.0? May 26, 2023 pm 04:51 PM

With the continuous development of the information age, people increasingly rely on the Internet to obtain information. As one of the platforms for information sharing, web search engines are also constantly evolving and improving. This article will introduce how to implement a full-text search engine in PHP7.0, helping readers make better use of PHP technology and quickly build an efficient search engine. 1. Overview of full-text search engines Full-text search uses keywords or phrases to search throughout the document to find the most matching results. Full-text search engines use algorithms to index documents to speed up searches. exist

Full text search using Solr in PHP Full text search using Solr in PHP Jun 20, 2023 am 09:12 AM

Solr is a Lucene-based search engine that can be used to implement full-text search. Using Solr in PHP for full-text search can help us quickly query relevant data through keywords and improve the accuracy and reliability of search results. This article will introduce how to use Solr in PHP for full-text search. 1. Installation and configuration of Solr First, we need to install Solr and the Solr extension of PHP on the server. For Solr installation steps, please refer to Solr’s official documentation.

See all articles