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linux中一些常用的mysql命令总结

Jun 07, 2016 pm 05:52 PM
linux mysql command

linux中一些常用的mysql命令总结 有需要的朋友可参考一下。

一、总结一下Linux下MySQL的一些命令:

1.Linux下启动mysql的命令:
mysqladmin start
/ect/init.d/mysql start (前面为mysql的安装路径)

2.Linux下重启mysql的命令:
mysqladmin restart
/ect/init.d/mysql restart (前面为mysql的安装路径)

3.Linux下关闭mysql的命令:
mysqladmin shutdown
/ect/init.d/mysql shutdown (前面为mysql的安装路径)

4.连接本机上的mysql:
进入目录mysqlbin,再键入命令mysql -uroot -p, 回车后提示输入密码。
退 出mysql命令:exit(回车)

5.修改mysql密码:
mysqladmin -u用户名 -p旧密码 password 新密码
或进入mysql命令行 SET PASSWORD FOR root=PASSWORD("root");

6.增加新用户。(注意:mysql环境中的命令后面都带一个分号作为命令结束符)
grant select on 数据库.* to 用户名@登录主机 identified by "密码"
如增加一个用户test密码为123,让他可以在任何主机上登录, 并对所有数据库有查询、插入、修改、删除的权限。首先用以root用户连入mysql,然后键入以下命令:
grant select,insert,update,delete on *.* to " Identified by "123";

二、有关mysql数据库方面的操作
必须首先登录到mysql中,有关操作都是在mysql的提示符下进行,而且每个命令以分号结束

1、显示数据库列表。
show databases;
2、显示库中的数据表:
use mysql; //打开库
show tables;
3、显示数据表的结构:
describe 表名;
4、建库:
create database 库名;
5、建表:
use 库名;
create table 表名(字段设定列表);
6、删库和删表:
drop database 库名;
drop table 表名;
7、将表中记录清空:
delete from 表名;
8、 显示表中的记录:
select * from 表名;

9、编码的修改
如果要改变整个mysql的编码格式:
启动mysql的时候,mysqld_safe命令行加入
--default-character-set=gbk

如果要改变某个库的编码格式:在mysql提示符后输入命令
alter database db_name default character set gbk;

三、数据的导入导出

1、文本数据转到数据库中
文本数据应符合的格式:字段数据之间用tab键隔开,null值用来代替。例:
1 name duty 2006-11-23
数据传入命令 load data local infile "文件名" into table 表名;

2、导出数据库和表
mysqldump --opt news > news.sql(将数据库news中的所有表备份到news.sql文件,news.sql是一个文本文件,文件名任取。)

mysqldump --opt news author article > author.article.sql(将数据库news中的author表和article表备份到author.article.sql文件, author.article.sql是一个文本文件,文件名任取。)
mysqldump --databases db1 db2 > news.sql(将数据库dbl和db2备份到news.sql文件,news.sql是一个文本文件,文件名任取。)
mysqldump -h host -u user -p pass --databases dbname > file.dump
就是把host上的 以名字user,口令pass的数据库dbname导入到文件file.dump中
mysqldump --all-databases > all-databases.sql(将所有数据库备份到all-databases.sql文件,all-databases.sql是一个文本文件, 文件名任取。)

3、导入数据
mysql mysql>source news.sql;(在mysql命令下执行,可导入表)

一、连接MySQL
格式: mysql -h主机地址 -u用户名 -p用户密码

1、例1:连接到本机上的MYSQL。

首先在打开DOS窗口,然后进入目录 mysqlbin,再键入命令mysql -uroot -p,回车后提示你输密码,如果刚安装好MYSQL,超级用户root是没有密码的,故直接回车即可进入到MYSQL中了,MYSQL的提示符是: mysql>。

2、例2:连接到远程主机上的MYSQL。假设远程主机的IP为:110.110.110.110,用户名为root,密码为abcd123。则键 入以下命令:

mysql -h110.110.110.110 -uroot -pabcd123

(注:u与root可以不用加空格,其它也一样)

3、退出MYSQL命令: exit (回车)。

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