MySQL主机127.0.0.1与localhost区别总结
可能有很多朋友都会碰到一个问题不知道127.0.0.1与localhost有什么区别,但是有的时间会发现使用localhost连接不了,但是改成127.0.0.1即可了连接了,那么他们会有什么区别呢,下面我给大家介绍。
1. mysql -h 127.0.0.1 的时候,使用TCP/IP连接, mysql server 认为该连接来自于127.0.0.1或者是"localhost.localdomain"
2. mysql -h localhost 的时候,是不使用TCP/IP连接的,而使用Unix socket;此时,mysql server则认为该client是来自"localhost"
3. mysql权限管理中的"localhost"有特定含义:
注意:虽然两者连接方式有区别,但当localhost 为默认的127.0.0.1时,两种连接方式使用的权限记录都是以下的1.row的记录(因为记录在前,先被匹配)
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
*************************** 1. row *************************** Host: localhost User: root ...... *************************** 2. row *************************** Host: 127.0.0.1 User: root |
证明:
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
shell> mysql -h 127.0.0.1 |
发现问题
昨天在帮同事编译安装Linux环境时,遇到一个问题:
WEB服务器是apache,数据库是MySQL。
于是写了一个测试连接数据库的PHP页面:
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
$mysql = mysql_connect('localhost','root',''); |
打开 http://localhost/test.php 测试
提示:Can’t connect to local MySQL server through socket...
检查环境正常
以为是数据库没有启动,于是查看一下进程,MySQL在进程里,重启了一下MySQL.
使用mysql -u root -p 可以进入MySQL操作界面
直接使用/usr/local/php5/bin/php /web/test.php执行可以连上数据库
apache也重启了,一样无效
疑点:为何网页执行失败,命令执行却成功
这下就郁闷了,使用php命令直接执行就成功,通过网页执行就失败。难道是apache导致?网上搜索了大堆资料也没找到解决方案,重新编译安装apache问题依旧。
把localhost改成127.0.0.1成功
把localhost改成127.0.0.1后竟然连接成功了,开始陷入思考困局:localhost失败127.0.0.1却成功?
ping localhost 地址是127.0.0.1没错
打开hosts加入
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
127.0.0.1 qttc |
使用qttc当主机连接也正常,唯独就不认localhost。
localhost连接方式不同导致
为了了解PHP连接数据库时,主机填写localhost与其它的区别阅读了大量资料,最后得知:
当主机填写为localhost时mysql会采用 unix domain socket连接
当主机填写为127.0.0.1时mysql会采用tcp方式连接
这是linux套接字网络的特性,win平台不会有这个问题
解决方法
在my.cnf的[mysql]区段里添加
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
protocol=tcp |
保存重启MySQL,问题解决!

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