Oracle Export and Import简介
1、Export/Import的用处 OracleExport/Import工具用于在数据库之间传递数据。 Export从数据库中导出数据到dump文件中 Import从dump文件中到入数据导数据库中 下面是一般使用他们的情况 (1)、两个数据库之间传送数据 同一个版本的oracleServer之间 不同版本
1、Export/Import的用处 Oracle Export/Import工具用于在之间传递数据。 Export从数据库中导出数据到dump文件中 Import从dump文件中到入数据导数据库中 下面是一般使用他们的情况 (1)、两个数据库之间传送数据 同一个版本的oracle Server之间 不同版本的oracle Server之间 同种OS之间 不同种OS之间 (2)、用于数据库的备份和恢复 (3)、从一个SCHEMA传送到另一个SCHEMA (4)、从一个TABLESPACE传送到另一个TABLESPACE 2、DUMP文件 EXPORT到出的是二进制格式的文件,不可以手工编辑,否则会损坏数据。该文件在ORACLE支持的任何平台上都是一样的格式,可以在各平台上通用。DUMP文件在IMPORT时采用向上兼容方式,就是说ORALCE7的DUMP文件可以导入到ORACLE8中,但是版本相差很大的版本之间可能有问题。 3、EXPORT/IMPORT过程 EXPORT导出的DUMP文件包含两种基本类型的数据 - DDL - Data DUMP文件包含所有重新创建Data Dictionary的DDL语句,基本上是可以读的格式。 但是应该注意的是,千万不要用文本编辑器编辑之,oracle说不支持这样做的。 下面列出的是DUMP文件中包括的ORACLE对象,分为TABLE/USER/FULL方式,有些对象 只是在FULL方式下才有(比如public synonyms, users, roles, rollback segm ents等) Table mode User Mode Full Database Mode ---------------------- ---------------------- ---------------------- --- Table definitions Table definitions Table definitions Table data Table data Table data Owner’s table grants Owner’s grants Grants Owner’s table indexes Owner’s indexes Indexes Table constraints Table constraints Table constraints Table triggers Table triggers All triggers Clusters Clusters Database links Database links Job queues Job queues Refresh groups Refresh groups Sequences Sequences Snapshots Snapshots Snapshot logs Snapshot logs Stored procedures Stored procedures Private synonyms All synonyms Views Views Profiles Replication catalog Resource cost Roles Rollback segments System audit options System privileges Tablespace definitions Tablespace quotas User definitions 4、IMPORT时的对象倒入顺序 在倒入数据时,ORACLE有一个特定的顺序,可能随数据库版本不同而有所变化,但是现在是这样的。 1. Tablespaces 14. Snapshot Logs 2. Profiles 15. Job Queues 3. Users 16. Refresh Groups 4. Roles 17. Cluster Definitions 5. System Privilege Grants 18. Tables (also grants,commen ts, 6. Role Grants indexes, constraints, audi ting) 7. Default Roles 19. Referential Integrity 8. Tablespace Quotas 20. POSTTABLES actions 9. Resource Costs 21. Synonyms 10. Rollback Segments 22. Views 11. Database Links 23. Stored Procedures 12. Sequences 24. Triggers, Defaults and Aud iting 13. Snapshots |
按这个顺序主要是解决对象之间依赖关系可能产生的问题。TRIGGER最后导入,所以在INSERT数据到数据库时不会激发TRIGGER。在导入后可能会有一些状态是INVALID的PROC EDURE,主要是IMPORT时会影响一些数据库对象,而IMPORT并不重新编译PROCEDURE,从而造成
这种情况,可以重新编译之,就能解决这个问题。

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