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Decode 函数的用法

Jun 07, 2016 pm 05:53 PM
decode function usage

在数据库开发的过程当中,有很多时候需要将行转换成列或者将列转换成行来显示数据,而往往我们在建立表结构时不能根据显示的要求来保存数据,于是乎只能在保存数据之后做一些必要的操作(比方说:建立视图等)来达到显示的目的。 下面用一个常见的数据显示来

在开发的过程当中,有很多时候需要将行转换成列或者将列转换成行来显示数据,而往往我们在建立表结构时不能根据显示的要求来保存数据,于是乎只能在保存数据之后做一些必要的操作(比方说:建立视图等)来达到显示的目的。   
       下面用一个常见的数据显示来说明decode函数的用法。就是成绩单的显示,这个是教学管理系统中最常见的。我想做开发的人员都遇到过这个,而且在大学期间也是常常接触成绩单,显示的是:姓名、语文、数学等  
        实现脚本如下(cjd.sql):  
--建表  
create table stud  
(  
 sid  varchar2(10),  
 kcbm  varchar2(10),  
 cj  int  
);  
--插入测试数据  
insert into stud values(’1’,’语文’,80);  
insert into stud values(’2’,’数学’,90);  
insert into stud values(’3’,’英语’,100);  
commit;  
--创建视图,decode用法  
create or replace view cjd as  
 select sid,  
 decode(kcbm,’语文’,cj,0) 语文,  
 decode(kcbm,’数学’,cj,0) 数学,  
 decode(kcbm,’英语’,cj,0) 英语  
 from stud  
 order by sid;  
--显示数据  
select * from cjd;  
执行过程如下:  
SQL> create table stud(sid varchar2(10),  
  2  kcbm varchar2(10),  
  3  cj int);  
表已创建。  
SQL> insert into stud values(’1’,’语文’,80);  
已创建 1 行。  
SQL> insert into stud values(’2’,’数学’,90);  
已创建 1 行。  
SQL> insert into stud values(’3’,’英语’,100);  
已创建 1 行。  
SQL> commit;  
提交完成。  
SQL> create or replace view cjd as  
  2  select sid,  
  3  decode(kcbm,’语文’,cj,0) 语文,  
  4  decode(kcbm,’数学’,cj,0) 数学,  
  5  decode(kcbm,’英语’,cj,0) 英语  
  6  from stud  
  7  order by sid;  
视图已建立。  

SQL> select * from cjd;   

SID           语文       数学       英语                                    
---------- ---------- ---------- ----------                                    
1            80          0           0                                    
2            0           90          0                                    
3            0           0           100
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