SQL Server 2008新功能:数据压缩详解
不知道大家有没有注意到SQL Server 2008新增的名为“数据压缩”的新功能?它能为我们带来哪些帮助呢?本文将对这一新功能做一番解析。 1、“数据压缩”有什么用? 简单地说,这以功能使得SOL Server 2008允许在表、索引和分区中执行数据压缩,这样不仅可以节
不知道大家有没有注意到SQL Server 2008新增的名为“数据压缩”的新功能?它能为我们带来哪些帮助呢?本文将对这一新功能做一番解析。
1、“数据压缩”有什么用?
简单地说,这以功能使得SOL Server 2008允许在表、索引和分区中执行数据压缩,这样不仅可以节省磁盘空间,而且允许更多数据装入RAM中,提升查询的性能。通过笔者测试发现,在数据仓库的场景中,新的压缩技术可以把表的大小减少到原容量的15%一5O%。可见,这一个功能在实战中还是非常有用的。SQL Server 2008中的数据压缩有两种应用方式,即行压缩和页压缩,下面分别进行解读。
2、行压缩的优与劣
Vardecimal存储格式是在SQL Server 2005 SP2时加入的,它是SOL Server 2008行压缩概念的鼻祖。在SQL Server 2005 SP2之前,decimal类型总是以固定数据存储的。根据值的精确度,每个decimal值都需要5到17字节的空间。Vardecimal把decimal值以一个可变长度的格式进行存储。这种格式把小数值前后的零都去除,可以减少存储所需的空间。
SOL Server 2008数据压缩扩展了这个功能,对所有固定长度的数据类型都进行了处理,包括integer、char和float。现在数据不是以固定大小的字节进行存储,而是用最小所需的字节,你也不需要去修改数据类型。只需要启用行压缩功能,剩下的工作就交给SOL Server 2008企业版去处理吧。
但是,行压缩无法处理XML、BLOB和MAX数据类型。对于开发人员来说,行压缩和页压缩是透明的,如果要使用这个功能,你不需要修改现有的程序。

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