Home Database Mysql Tutorial oracle的归档模式 ORACLE数据库归档日志常用命令

oracle的归档模式 ORACLE数据库归档日志常用命令

Jun 07, 2016 pm 05:56 PM
database

Oracle数据库有联机重做日志,这个日志是记录对数据库所做的修改,比如插入,删除,更新数据等,对这些操作都会记录在联机重做日志里

--连接恢复管理器

C:\Documents and Settings\mengzhaoliang>rman target/

--归档日志列表
RMAN> list archivelog all;

--删除物理文件不存在的归档日志
RMAN> delete expired archivelog all;

--删除7天前的归档日志
RMAN> DELETE ARCHIVELOG ALL COMPLETED BEFORE 'SYSDATE-7';

oracle的归档模式

一。查看oracle数据库是否为归档模式:
1.select name,log_mode from v$database;
NAME LOG_MODE
------------------ ------------------------
QUERY NOARCHIVELOG
2.使用ARCHIVE LOG LIST 命令
Database log mode No Archive Mode
Automatic archival Disabled
Archive destination /data/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1//dbs/arch
Oldest online log sequence 739
Current log sequence 741

二。什么是Oracle归档模式?

Oracle数据库有联机重做日志,这个日志是记录对数据库所做的修改,比如插入,删除,更新数据等,对这些操作都会记录在联机重做日志里。一般数据库至少要有2个联机重做日志组。当一个联机重做日志组被写满的时候,就会发生日志切换,这时联机重做日志组2成为当前使用的日志,当联机重做日志组2写满的时候,又会发生日志切换,去写联机重做日志组1,就这样反复进行。
如果数据库处于非归档模式,联机日志在切换时就会丢弃. 而在归档模式下,当发生日志切换的时候,被切换的日志会进行归档。比如,当前在使用联机重做日志1,当1写满的时候,发生日志切换,开始写联机重做日志 2,这时联机重做日志1的内容会被拷贝到另外一个指定的目录下。这个目录叫做归档目录,拷贝的文件叫归档重做日志。
数据库使用归档方式运行时才可以进行灾难性恢复。
1.归档日志模式和非归档日志模式的区别
非归档模式只能做冷备份,并且恢复时只能做完全备份.最近一次完全备份到系统出错期间的数据不能恢复.
归档模式可以做热备份,并且可以做增量备份,可以做部分恢复.
用ARCHIVE LOG LIST 可以查看期模式状态时归档模式还是非归档模式.

三。配置数据库的归档模式

改变非归档模式到归档模式:
1)SQL>SHUTDOWN NORMAL/IMMEDIATE;
2)SQL>START MOUNT;
3)SQL>ALTER DATABASE ARCHIVELOG;
4)SQL>ALTER DATABASE OPEN;
5)SQL>做一次完全备份,因为非归档日志模式下产生的备份日志对于归档模式已经不可用了.这一步非非常重要!

改变归档模式到非归档模式:
1)SQL>SHUTDOWN NORMAL/IMMEDIATE;
2)SQL>START MOUNT;
3)SQL>ALTER DATABASE NOARCHIVELOG;
4)SQL>ALTER DATABASE OPEN;

3.启用自动归档: LOG_ARCHIVE_START=TRUE

归档模式下,日志文件组不允许被覆盖(重写),当日志文件写满之后,如果没有进行手动归档,那么系统将挂起,知道归档完成为止.
这时只能读而不能写.
运行过程中关闭和重启归档日志进程
SQL>ARCHIVE LOG STOP
SQL>ARCHIVE LOG START

4.手动归档: LOG_ARCHIVE_START=FALSE

归档当前日志文件
SQL>ALTER SYSTEM ARCHIVE LOG CURRENT;
归档序号为052的日志文件
SQL>ALTER SYSTEM ARCHIVE LOG SEQUENCE 052;
归档所有日志文件
SQL>ALTER SYSTEM ARCHIVE LOG ALL;
改变归档日志目标
SQL>ALTER SYSTEM ARCHIVE LOG CURRENT TO '&PATH
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