MongoDB C#驱动
+Driver+Tutorial 笔记 首先下载驱动。驱动有两个文件 MongoDB.Bson.dll MongoDB.Driver.dll 可以直接下载这两个驱动,或者按照下载源码进行编译生成。下载的源码可以看些test例子。 在新建的c#工程中添加这两个dll文件,并且使用如下命名空间 至少要引用如
+Driver+Tutorial
笔记
首先下载驱动。驱动有两个文件
可以直接下载这两个驱动,或者按照下载源码进行编译生成。下载的源码可以看些test例子。
在新建的c#工程中添加这两个dll文件,并且使用如下命名空间
至少要引用如下命名空间
using MongoDB.Bson; using MongoDB.Driver; 另外使用比较多的命名空间是 using MongoDB.Driver.Builders; using MongoDB.Driver.GridFS; using MongoDB.Driver.Linq;
另外有些可能会用得到的命名空间
using MongoDB.Bson.IO; using MongoDB.Bson.Serialization; using MongoDB.Bson.Serialization.Attributes; using MongoDB.Bson.Serialization.Conventions; using MongoDB.Bson.Serialization.IdGenerators; using MongoDB.Bson.Serialization.Options; using MongoDB.Bson.Serialization.Serializers; using MongoDB.Driver.Wrappers; BSON类库 BSON是类似JSON的一种二进制形式的存储格式,简称Binary JSON,它和JSON一样,支持内嵌的文档对象和数组对象,但是BSON有JSON没有的一些数据类型,如Date和BinData类型。它也是MongoDB文档数据库内部的数据存储方式。 BsonType public enum BsonType { Double = 0x01, String = 0x02, Document = 0x03, Array = 0x04, Binary = 0x05, Undefined = 0x06, ObjectId = 0x07, Boolean = 0x08, DateTime = 0x09, Null = 0x0a, RegularExpression = 0x0b, JavaScript = 0x0d, Symbol = 0x0e, JavaScriptWithScope = 0x0f, Int32 = 0x10, Timestamp = 0x11, Int64 = 0x12, MinKey = 0xff, MaxKey = 0x7f }BsonValue和子类
BsonValue是一种代表BsonType的虚拟类。它是BsonType枚举类的凝聚子类。
·可以使用public构造函数生成BsonValue子类
·使用静态create函数生成
·Use a static property of a subclass of BsonValue(静态的子类属性?)
·隐式转换成BsonValue
BsonType的类型
可以用下面的例子代码确认BsonValue的属性
BsonValue value; if (value.BsonType == BsonType.Int32) { // we know value is an instance of BsonInt32 } if (value is BsonInt32) { // another way to tell that value is a BsonInt32 } if (value.IsInt32) { // the easiest way to tell that value is a BsonInt32 }As[Type] Properties
BsonValue有一系列转换方式将它的类型cast(抛)(而不是conversion)成与.NET相匹配的数据类型。如果他不是一个.NET相对应的数据属性,它将会抛出一个InvalidCastException 异常。下面是一些将数据转变的方式。
BsonDocument document; string name = document["name"].AsString;//As方式,类似转变 int age = document["age"].AsInt32; BsonDocument address = document["address"].AsBsonDocument; string zip = address["zip"].AsString;Is[Type] Properties
使用下面例子测试BsonValues是什么类型
BsonDocument document; int age = -1; if (document.Contains["age"] && document["age"].IsInt32) {//Is 是否为Int32类型 age = document["age"].AsInt32; } To[Type] 转变方法 与As不同,To是用于可以转变类型之间的转类型。比如int和double之间。 比如ToBoolen方法永远不会失败。它是按照javascript里面定义的。false, 0, 0.0, NaN, BsonNull, BsonUndefined 以及"" 是false,其他所有都是true。 if (employee["ismanager"].ToBoolean()) { // we know the employee is a manager // works with many ways of recording boolean values } ToDouble、ToInt32、以及ToInt64在数字之间的转变都不会失败。即使数字长度不匹配被缩短了都不会照成函数错误。string类型可以转成数字类型。但是如果string类型不能转成相应的数字的时候,会抛出异常。 隐式的转化 下面的数据类型可以直接转化比如下面
BsonValue b = true; // b is an instance of BsonBoolean BsonValue d = 3.14159; // d is an instance of BsonDouble BsonValue i = 1; // i is an instance of BsonInt32 BsonValue s = "Hello"; // s is an instance of BsonStringBsonMaxKey, BsonMinKey, BsonNull and BsonUndefined
这些数据类型是单个的类,要用到这些数据,需要使用各自的类来生成
document["status"] = BsonNull.Value; document["priority"] = BsonMaxKey.Value; 注意,这个c#的null和BsonNull是两个完全不同的东西。BsonNull是一个C#类,它的Value属性是null。所以他们在函数构造不同。 ObjectId and BsonObjectId 一些常用的创建ObjectId 值的方式 var id1 = new ObjectId(); // same as ObjectId.Empty var id2 = ObjectId.Empty; // all zeroes var id3 = ObjectId.GenerateNewId(); // generates new unique Id var id4 = ObjectId.Parse("4dad901291c2949e7a5b6aa8"); // parses a 24 hex digit string在C#里面,美国空间,刚创建的值默认都是零的。但是在javascript里面会创建一个唯一的值。
BsonElement
(Bson元素) Bson元素是一个name/value的键值对。 document.Add(new BsonElement("age", 21)); // OK, but next line is shorter document.Add("age", 21); // creates BsonElement automaticallyBsonDocument
BsonDocument是name/value键值对的集合。 BsonDocument构造函数上面是用的比较多

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