SQL SERVER数据库开发之存储过程应用
SQL SERVER数据库开发之存储过程应用
可能有不少朋友使用SQL SERVER做开发也已经有段日子,但还没有或者很少在项目中使用存储过程,或许有些朋友认为根本没有必要使用存储过程等等。其实当你一个项目做完到了维护阶段时,就会发现存储过程给我们带来了好处了,修改方便,不能去改我们的应用程序,只需要改存储过程的内容,而且还可以使我们的程序速度得到提高。要使用存储过程,首先我们必需熟悉一些基本的T-SQL语句,因为存储过程是由于一组T-SQL语句构成的,并且,我们需要了解一些关于函数、过程的概念,因为我们需要在应用程序中调用存储过程,就像我们调用应用程序的函数一样,不过调用的方法有些不同。
下面我们来看一下存储过程的建立和使用方法。
一、创建存储过程
和数据表一样,在使用之前我们需要创建存储过程,它的简明语法是:
例:
其中 CREATE PROC 语句(完整语句为CREATE PROCEDURE)的意思就是告诉SQL SERVER,现在需要建立一个存储过程,upGetUserName 就是存储过程名称,@intUserId 和 @ostrUserName 分别是该存储过程的两个参数,注意,在SQL SERVER中,所有用户定义的变量都以“@”开头,OUTPUT关键字表示这个参数是用来输出的,AS之后就是存储过程内容了。只要将以上代码在“查询分析器”里执行一次,SQL SERVER就会在当前数据库中创建一个名为“upGetUserName”的存储过程。你可以打开“企业管理器”,选择当前操作的数据库,然后在左边的树型列表中选择“存储过程”,此时就可以在右边的列表中看到你刚刚创建的存储过程了(如果没有,刷新一下即可)。
二、存储过程的调用
之前我们已经创建了一个名为“upGetUserName”的存储过程,从字面理解该存储过程的功能是用来取得某一个用户的名称。存储过程建立好了,接下来就是要在应用程序里调用了,下面看一下在ASP程序里的调用。
通过以上两步,我们已经可以创建和使用简单的存储过程了。下面我们来看一个稍微复杂点的存储过程,以进一步了解存储过程的应用。
三、存储过程的实际应用
用户登录在ASP项目中经常会使用到,相信很多朋友也都做过类似的系统,但使用存储过程来做验证朋友可能不多,那么我们就以它来做例子,写一个简单的用户登录验证的存储过程。
用户登录的存储过程建立好了,现在在程序里试一下吧。注意,在一个区域内如果有多条语句时,必需使用BEGIN...END关键字。
通过以上的步骤,简单用户登录验证过程也做完了,现在只要把它整合到程序中就可以实现简单的用户登录验证了,关于其他细节就由你自己来处理了。
上面介绍的两个存储过程都是只返回一个值的,下面我们来看一个返回一个记录集的存储过程。
现在我们来看一下ASP程序的调用。
怎么样,是不是也很简单呢,不过存储过程的用处不仅仅只有这些,他还有更强大的功能,比如使用游标、临时表来从多个表,甚至是多个数据库中调用数据,然后返回给用户,这些你可以在使用过程中慢慢的去发掘。
好了,存储过程应用就先介绍到这里,如果你对本文有任何疑问,欢迎跟贴提出,我将尽力给予解答。下次我将给大家介绍触发器的应用。

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