SQL Select语句完整的执行顺序
SQL Select语句的使用小结
1、from子句组装来自不同数据源的数据;2、where子句基于指定的条件对记录行进行筛选;
3、group by子句将数据划分为多个分组;
4、使用聚集函数进行计算;
5、使用having子句筛选分组;
6、计算所有的表达式;
7、使用order by对结果集进行排序。
举例说明: 在学生成绩表中 (暂记为 tb_Grade), 把 "考生姓名"内容不为空的记录按照 "考生姓名" 分组, 并且筛选分组结果, 选出 "总成绩" 大于 600 分的.
标准顺序的 SQL 语句为:
Select 考生姓名, max(总成绩) as max总成绩
from tb_Grade
where 考生姓名 is not null
group by 考生姓名
having max(总成绩) > 600
order by max总成绩
在上面的示例中 SQL 语句的执行顺序如下:
(1). 首先执行 FROM 子句, 从 tb_Grade 表组装数据源的数据
(2). 执行 WHERE 子句, 筛选 tb_Grade 表中所有数据不为 NULL 的数据
(3). 执行 GROUP BY 子句, 把 tb_Grade 表按 "学生姓名" 列进行分组
(4). 计算 max() 聚集函数, 按 "总成绩" 求出总成绩中最大的一些数值
(5). 执行 HAVING 子句, 筛选课程的总成绩大于 600 分的.
(7). 执行 ORDER BY 子句, 把最后的结果按 "Max 成绩" 进行排序.

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