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sqlserver 中一些常看的指标和清除缓存的方法

Jun 07, 2016 pm 05:58 PM
sqlserver index clear cache

sqlserver 中一些常看的指标和清除缓存的方法

如何查看磁盘I/O操作信息
SET STATISTICS IO ON 命令是一个 使 SQL Server 显示有关由 Transact-SQL 语句生成的磁盘活动量的信息。
我们在分析索引性能的时候,会非常有用。
启用了这个属性后,我们在执行 SQL 语句后,会收到类似如下的信息,这有利于我们分析SQL的性能:

(3999 row(s) affected)
表 'ChargeCL'。扫描计数 1,逻辑读取 9547 次,物理读取 0 次,预读 0 次,lob 逻辑读取 0 次,lob 物理读取 0 次,lob 预读 0 次。
其中的 lob 逻辑读取、lob 物理读取、lob 预读 这三个指标是 读取 text、ntext、image 或大值类型 (varchar(max)、nvarchar(max)、varbinary(max)) 时的指标。
而 逻辑读取、物理读取、预读 是对普通数据页的读取。
使用 SQL Server Management Studio Standard Reports
我们在 SQL Server Management Studio 中,选择数据库服务器,或者具体数据库,或者Security -- Logins 时,或者Management 时,Notification Services 或者 SQL Server Agent 对象时候,都会看到SQL Server 替我们提供的一些现成报表,这些报表的数据,有利于我们分析数据库的状态。
比如在 SQL Server 索引基础知识(1)--- 记录数据的基本格式
http://blog.joycode.com/ghj/archive/2008/01/02/113290.aspx
中,我们就使用数据表占用空间的报表
具体报表可以参考以下链接:
SQL Server Management Studio Standard Reports - Overview
http://blogs.msdn.com/buckwoody/archive/2007/10/09/sql-server-management-studio-standard-reports-overview.aspx
测试中,释放缓存的一些方法
尤其查询语句性能测试时,数据是否被缓存,这是测试中一个重要点。下面几个命令帮助我们清除缓存。方便测试。
清除缓存有关的命令:
SQL 2000里面除了dbcc unpintable好像就没有了 而且这个操作也不会立即释放表内存Buffer
(DBCC UNPINTABLE does not cause the table to be immediately flushed from the data cache. It specifies that all of the pages for the table in the buffer cache can be flushed if space is needed to read in a new page from disk.)
SQL 2005/2008让DBA能够更自由的对SQL所占用的内存空间做处理 如:
CHECKPOINT
将当前数据库的全部脏页写入磁盘。“脏页”是已输入缓存区高速缓存且已修改但尚未写入磁盘的数据页。CHECKPOINT 可创建一个检查点,在该点保证全部脏页都已写入磁盘,从而在以后的恢复过程中节省时间。
DBCC DROPCLEANBUFFERS
从缓冲池中删除所有清除缓冲区。
DBCC FREEPROCCACHE
从过程缓存中删除所有元素。
DBCC FREESYSTEMCACHE
从所有缓存中释放所有未使用的缓存条目。SQL Server 2005 数据库引擎会事先在后台清理未使用的缓存条目,以使内存可用于当前条目。但是,可以使用此命令从所有缓存中手动删除未使用的条目。
另外还可以 sp_cursor_list 查看全部游标
DBCC OPENTRAN查看数据库打开事务状态等
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