SQL SERVER 与ACCESS、EXCEL的数据转换方法分享
熟悉SQL SERVER 2000的数据库管理员都知道,其DTS可以进行数据的导入导出,其实,我们也可以使用Transact-SQL语句进行导入导出操作
在Transact-SQL语句中,我们主要使用OpenDataSource函数、OPENROWSET 函数,关于函数的详细说明,请参考SQL联机帮助。利用下述方法,可以十分容易地实现SQL SERVER、ACCESS、EXCEL数据转换,详细说明如下:一、SQL SERVER 和ACCESS的数据导入导出
常规的数据导入导出:
使用DTS向导迁移你的Access数据到SQL Server,你可以使用这些步骤:
1在SQL SERVER企业管理器中的Tools(工具)菜单上,选择Data Transformation
2Services(数据转换服务),然后选择 czdImport Data(导入数据)。
3在Choose a Data Source(选择数据源)对话框中选择Microsoft Access as the Source,然后键入你的.mdb数据库(.mdb文件扩展名)的文件名或通过浏览寻找该文件。
4在Choose a Destination(选择目标)对话框中,选择Microsoft OLE DB Prov ider for SQL Server,选择数据库服务器,然后单击必要的验证方式。
5在Specify Table Copy(指定表格复制)或Query(查询)对话框中,单击Copy tables(复制表格)。
6在Select Source Tables(选择源表格)对话框中,单击Select All(全部选定)。下一步,完成。
Transact-SQL语句进行导入导出:
1.在SQL SERVER里查询access数据:
SELECT*
FROMOpenDataSource( 'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0',
'Data Source="c:\DB.mdb";User ID=Admin;Password=')...表名
2.将access导入SQL server
在SQL SERVER 里运行:
SELECT*
INTO newtable
FROMOPENDATASOURCE ('Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0',
'Data Source="c:\DB.mdb";User ID=Admin;Password=' )...表名
3.将SQL SERVER表里的数据插入到Access表中
在SQL SERVER 里运行:
insertintoOpenDataSource( 'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0',
'Data Source=" c:\DB.mdb";User ID=Admin;Password=')...表名
(列名1,列名2)
select 列名1,列名2 from sql表
实例:
insertinto OPENROWSET('Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0',
'C:\db.mdb';'admin';'', Test)
select id,name from Test
INSERTINTOOPENROWSET('Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0', 'c:\trade.mdb'; 'admin'; '', 表名)
SELECT*
FROM sqltablename
二、SQL SERVER 和EXCEL的数据导入导出
1、在SQL SERVER里查询Excel数据:
SELECT*
FROMOpenDataSource( 'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0',
'Data Source="c:\book1.xls";User ID=Admin;Password=;Extended properties=Excel 5.0')...[Sheet1$]
下面是个查询的示例,它通过用于 Jet 的 OLE DB 提供程序查询 Excel 电子表格。
SELECT*
FROMOpenDataSource ( 'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0',
'Data Source="c:\Finance\account.xls";User ID=Admin;Password=;Extended properties=Excel 5.0')...xactions
2、将Excel的数据导入SQL server :
SELECT*into newtable
FROMOpenDataSource( 'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0',
'Data Source="c:\book1.xls";User ID=Admin;Password=;Extended properties=Excel 5.0')...[Sheet1$]
实例:
SELECT*into newtable
FROMOpenDataSource( 'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0',
'Data Source="c:\Finance\account.xls";User ID=Admin;Password=;Extended properties=Excel 5.0')...xactions
3、将SQL SERVER中查询到的数据导成一个Excel文件
T-SQL代码:
EXEC master..xp_cmdshell 'bcp 库名.dbo.表名out c:\Temp.xls -c -q -S"servername" -U"sa" -P""'
参数:S 是SQL服务器名;U是用户;P是密码
说明:还可以导出文本文件等多种格式
实例:EXEC master..xp_cmdshell 'bcp saletesttmp.dbo.CusAccount out c:\temp1.xls -c -q -S"pmserver" -U"sa" -P"sa"'
EXEC master..xp_cmdshell 'bcp "SELECT au_fname, au_lname FROM pubs..authors ORDER BY au_lname" queryout C:\ authors.xls -c -Sservername -Usa -Ppassword'
在VB6中应用ADO导出EXCEL文件代码:
Dim cn As New ADODB.Connection
cn.open "Driver={SQL Server};Server=WEBSVR;DataBase=WebMis;UID=sa;WD=123;"
cn.execute "master..xp_cmdshell 'bcp "SELECT col1, col2 FROM 库名.dbo.表名" queryout E:\DT.xls -c -Sservername -Usa -Ppassword'"
4、在SQL SERVER里往Excel插入数据:
insertintoOpenDataSource( 'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0',
'Data Source="c:\Temp.xls";User ID=Admin;Password=;Extended properties=Excel 5.0')...table1 (A1,A2,A3) values (1,2,3)
T-SQL代码:
INSERTINTO
OPENDATASOURCE('Microsoft.JET.OLEDB.4.0',
'Extended Properties=Excel 8.0;Data source=C:\training\inventur.xls')...[Filiale1$]
(bestand, produkt) VALUES (20, 'Test')
总结:利用以上语句,我们可以方便地将SQL SERVER、ACCESS和EXCEL电子表格软件中的数据进行转换,为我们提供了极大方便!

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