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从Oracle 表格行列转置说起第1/2页

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Release: 2016-06-07 18:06:34
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当你面对如下格式的一个表格:NO为人员的ID,MONEY是收入,DAY是星期(1代表星期一,7代表周日)。

为了符合阅读习惯,最终报表希望是如下格式:

------------------------

咱们一步步来实现:

1.运用DECODE转换行为列

SQL:

SELECT NO,
DECODE(DAY,1,MONEY,'') DAY1,
DECODE(DAY,2,MONEY,'') DAY2,
DECODE(DAY,3,MONEY,'') DAY3
FROM TEMP

结果:

2.按NO字段分组,并更改列名

SQL:

SELECT NO, MAX(DAY1) , MAX(DAY2) , MAX(DAY3)
FROM (SELECT NO,
DECODE(DAY, 1, MONEY,'') DAY1,
DECODE(DAY, 2, MONEY,'') DAY2,
DECODE(DAY, 3, MONEY,'') DAY3
FROM TEMP)
GROUP BY NO;

结果:

------------------------

重难点归纳:

1.DECODE缺省值设置

DECODE语法如下:decode(条件,值1,翻译值1,值2,翻译值2,...值n,翻译值n,缺省值)

如果缺省值由''(两个单引号)改为0,即SQL:

SELECT NO, MAX(DAY1) MON, MAX(DAY2) TUE, MAX(DAY3) THR
FROM (SELECT NO,
DECODE(DAY, 1, MONEY,0) DAY1,
DECODE(DAY, 2, MONEY,0) DAY2,
DECODE(DAY, 3, MONEY,0) DAY3
FROM TEMP)
GROUP BY NO;

结果如下():

2.列缺省值设置(DAY值为8的显示为'undefined')

SQL:

SELECT NO,MONEY,
DECODE(DAY,1,'MON',2,'TUE',3,'THR','undefined') DAY
FROM TEMP

结果:

3.行列转化在表单内数据量较大的情况下消耗较大

原因:

1.扫描目标数据时间开销大。

2.GROUP BY时,数据冗余带来的多行合并。

优点:

下一页 decode()函數使用技巧
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