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PHP上传文件示例程序代码(适合初学者)

Jun 08, 2016 pm 05:23 PM
file files nbsp quot

今天我来给大家介绍在php中关于文件上传整个流程,从表单创建到后面的文件上传大小限制等等,欢迎各位朋友进入学习,希望对各位朋友有所帮助。

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创建一个文件上传表单
允许用户从表单上传文件是非常有用的。

请看下面这个供上传文件的 HTML 表单:

 代码如下 复制代码



 
 
 

 


请留意如下有关此表单的信息:

标签的 enctype 属性规定了在提交表单时要使用哪种内容类型。在表单需要二进制数据时,比如文件内容,请使用 "multipart/form-data"。

标签的 type="file" 属性规定了应该把输入作为文件来处理。举例来说,当在浏览器中预览时,会看到输入框旁边有一个浏览按钮。

注释:允许用户上传文件是一个巨大的安全风险。请仅仅允许可信的用户执行文件上传操作。

创建上传脚本
"upload_file.php" 文件含有供上传文件的代码:

 代码如下 复制代码


if ($_FILES["attach_file"]["error"] > 0) {
 echo "Error: " . $_FILES["attach_file"]["error"] . "
";
} else {
 echo "Upload: " . $_FILES["attach_file"]["name"] . "
";
 echo "Type: " . $_FILES["attach_file"]["type"] . "
";
 echo "Size: " . ($_FILES["attach_file"]["size"] / 1024) . " Kb
";
 echo "Stored in: " . $_FILES["attach_file"]["tmp_name"];
}
?>

通过使用 PHP 的全局数组 $_FILES,你可以从客户计算机向远程服务器上传文件。

第一个参数是表单的 input name(表单file组件的name值),第二个下标可以是 "name", "type", "size", "tmp_name" 或 "error"。就像这样:

$_FILES["attach_file"]["name"] - 被上传文件的名称
$_FILES["attach_file"]["type"] - 被上传文件的类型
$_FILES["attach_file"]["size"] - 被上传文件的大小,以字节(b)为单位
$_FILES["attach_file"]["tmp_name"] - 存储在服务器的文件的临时副本的名称
$_FILES["attach_file"]["error"] - 由文件上传导致的错误代码
这是一种非常简单文件上传方式。基于安全方面的考虑,您应当增加有关什么用户有权上传文件的限制。

上传限制
在这个脚本中,我们增加了对文件上传的限制。用户只能上传 .gif 或 .jpeg 文件,文件大小必须小于 20 kb:

 

 代码如下 复制代码

if ((($_FILES["attach_file"]["type"] == "image/gif") || ($_FILES["attach_file"]["type"] == "image/jpeg") || ($_FILES["attach_file"]["type"] == "image/pjpeg")) && ($_FILES["attach_file"]["size"]  if ($_FILES["attach_file"]["error"] > 0) {
  echo "Error: " . $_FILES["attach_file"]["error"] . "
";
 } else {
  echo "Upload: " . $_FILES["attach_file"]["name"] . "
";
  echo "Type: " . $_FILES["attach_file"]["type"] . "
";
  echo "Size: " . ($_FILES["attach_file"]["size"] / 1024) . " Kb
";
  echo "Stored in: " . $_FILES["attach_file"]["tmp_name"];
 }
} else {
 echo "Invalid file";
}

?>

注释:对于 IE,识别 jpg 文件的类型必须是 pjpeg,对于 FireFox,必须是 jpeg。

保存被上传的文件
上面的例子在服务器的 PHP 临时文件夹创建了一个被上传文件的临时副本。

这个临时的复制文件会在脚本结束时消失。要保存被上传的文件,我们需要把它拷贝到另外的位置:

 

 代码如下 复制代码
if ((($_FILES["attach_file"]["type"] == "image/gif") || ($_FILES["attach_file"]["type"] == "image/jpeg") || ($_FILES["attach_file"]["type"] == "image/pjpeg")) && ($_FILES["attach_file"]["size"]  if ($_FILES["attach_file"]["error"] > 0) {
  echo "Return Code: " . $_FILES["attach_file"]["error"] . "
";
 } else {
  echo "Upload: " . $_FILES["attach_file"]["name"] . "
";
  echo "Type: " . $_FILES["attach_file"]["type"] . "
";
  echo "Size: " . ($_FILES["attach_file"]["size"] / 1024) . " Kb
";
  echo "Temp file: " . $_FILES["attach_file"]["tmp_name"] . "
";
  
  if (file_exists("upload/" . $_FILES["attach_file"]["name"])) {
   echo $_FILES["attach_file"]["name"] . " already exists. ";
  } else {
   move_uploaded_file($_FILES["attach_file"]["tmp_name"], "upload/" . $_FILES["attach_file"]["name"]);
   echo "Stored in: " . "upload/" . $_FILES["attach_file"]["name"];
  }
 }
} else {
 echo "Invalid file";
}
?>

上面的脚本检测了是否已存在此文件,如果不存在,则把文件拷贝到指定的文件夹。

注意:这个例子把文件保存到了名为 "upload" 的新文件夹。

上传文件大小限制大全   


在php.ini里面可以设置最大上传文件大小

解决方法:

第一:

在php.ini里面查看如下行:

 upload_max_filesize = 8M 

 post_max_size = 10M 

 memory_limit = 20M

另外要确认上传的

里类似下面的这行

第二:

如果是apache 2 需要修改

view sourceprint?1 /etc/httpd/conf.d/php.conf

中的LimitRequestBody 524288将524288(=512×1024)改大,比如5M(=5×1024×1024)

 另外:PHP的最大执行时间也是可能影响的因素。

也可通过php文件临时设置,代码如下:

 代码如下 复制代码

 ini_set('max_execution_time', '600');
 ini_set('post_max_size ', '100M');  // 好像设置不成功,不起作用
 ini_set('upload_max_filesize', '200M'); // 好像设置不成功,不起作用
?>

打开php.ini,首先找到

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; File Uploads ;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

区域,有影响文件上传的以下几个参数:

file_uploads  =  on  ;是否允许通过HTTP上传文件的开关。默认为ON即是开
upload_tmp_dir  ;文件上传至服务器上存储临时文件的地方,如果没指定就会用系统默认的临时文件夹
upload_max_filesize  =  200m  ;望文生意,即允许上传文件大小的最大值。默认为2M

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; Data Handling ;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

区域,还有一项:

post_max_size  =  100m ;指通过表单POST给PHP的所能接收的最大值,包括表单里的所有值。默认为8M
一般地,设置好上述四个参数后,上传

但如果要上传>8M的大体积文件,只设置上述四项还一定能行的通。除非你的网络真有100M/S的上传高速,否则你还得关心关心下面的参数:

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; Resource Limits ;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

max_execution_time  =  600 ;每个PHP页面运行的最大时间值(秒),默认30秒
max_input_time = 600 ;每个PHP页面接收数据所需的最大时间,默认60秒
memory_limit  =  8m  ;每个PHP页面所吃掉的最大内存,默认8M
把上述参数修改后,在网络所允许的正常情况下,就可以上传大体积文件了。

好了,设置好现在就可以一试。点击一200大M的文件上传一下

在你听歌、想MM或上厕所回来过程中,程序会告诉你上传成功啦~

在本机上测试上传200M的文件成功。

 

工作中的一次配置:

 代码如下 复制代码

upload_max_filesize  300M
post_max_size   350M
memory_limit   400M
max_execution_time  600
max_input_time   600

补充说明:需要保持 memory_limit > post_max_size > upload_max_filesize

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