php缓存文件技术介绍
下面总结了三种缓存文件方法,一种是nginx下的缓存fastcgi_cache和proxy_cache,一种利用memcache缓存,另一种是利用php文件缓存哦。
nginx有两种缓存机制:fastcgi_cache和proxy_cache
下面我们来说说这两种缓存机制的区别吧
proxy_cache作用是缓存后端服务器的内容,可能是任何内容,包括静态的和动态的
fastcgi_cache作用是缓存fastcgi生成的内容,很多情况是php生成的动态内容
proxy_cache缓存减少了nginx与后端通信的次数,节省了传输时间和后端带宽
fastcgi_cache缓存减少了nginx与php的通信次数,更减轻了php和数据库的压力。
proxy_cache缓存设置
#注:proxy_temp_path和proxy_cache_path指定的路径必须在同一分区
proxy_temp_path /data0/proxy_temp_dir;
#设置Web缓存区名称为cache_one,内存缓存空间大小为200MB,1天没有被访问的内容自动清除,硬盘缓存空间大小为30GB。
proxy_cache_path /data0/proxy_cache_dir levels=1:2 keys_zone=cache_one:200m inactive=1d max_size=30g;
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
server location / #扩展名以.php、.jsp、.cgi结尾的动态应用程序不缓存。 access_log off; |
fastcgi_cache缓存设置
#定义缓存存放的文件夹
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
fastcgi_cache_path /tt/cache levels=1:2 keys_zone=NAME:2880m inactive=2d max_size=10G; |
#定义缓存不同的url请求
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
fastcgi_cache_key "$scheme$request_method$host$uri$arg_filename$arg_x$arg_y"; server { listen 8080; server_name www.example .com; location / { root /www; index index.html index.htm index.php; } location ~ (|.php)$ { root /www; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_cache NAME; fastcgi_cache_valid 200 48h; fastcgi_cache_min_uses 1; fastcgi_cache_use_stale error timeout invalid_header http_500; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi.conf; #设置缓存的过程中发现无法获取cookie,经查需要定义这句话 fastcgi_pass_header Set-Cookie; } log_format access '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for'; access_log /httplogs/access.log access; } |
总的来说 nginx的proxy_cache和fastcgi_cache的缓存配置差不多。
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memcache缓存
在讨论memcache缓存之前,我们先了解下mysql的内存缓存吧
mysql的内存缓存可以在my.cnf中指定大小:内存表和临时表不同,临时表也是存放内存中,临时表最大的内存需要通过tmp_table_size=128M设定。当数据查过临时表的最大值设定时,自动转为磁盘表,此时因需要进行IO操作,性能会大大下降,而内存表不会,内存满了后,会提示数据满错误。
例:
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
create table test ( id int unsigned not null auto_increment primary key state char(10), type char(20), date char(30) )engine=memory default charset=utf8 |
内存表的特性:
1.内存表的表定义存放在磁盘上,扩展名为.frm,所以重启不会丢失
2.内存表的数据是存放在内存中,重启会丢失数据
3.内存表使用一个固定的长度格式
4.内存表不支持blob或text列,比如varchar与text字段就不会被支持
5.内存表支持auto_increment列和对可包含null值的列的索引
6.内存表不支持事物
7.内存表是表锁,当修改频繁时,性能可能会下降
分享一个存php缓存类
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
class Cache private static $_instance; const CLEANING_MODE_ALL = 'all'; protected $_options = array( private function __construct(){} $this->_cacheId = $id; $this->_cacheId = $id; /** $this->_cacheId = $id; if(null !== $lifeTime) case CLEANING_MODE_ALL: case CLEANING_MODE_OLD: /**
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