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php isset和is_null区别

Jun 08, 2016 pm 05:28 PM
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 isset和is_null的功能几乎完全相反的一样..

是不是isset就是一个is_null的相反的别名?

诶, 要说区别, 那还真的是很多~

一切的不同都是因为: is_null是函数, isset是语句.

isset是语句, 和echo, print一样, 是PHP本身的一种语言结构.

而is_null是函数, 和我们一般的函数一样, 可以做为可变函数调用.

你也许会说, 好了,好了,我知道函数和语句的区别, 但到底是TMD什么区别?

诶, 所谓语句,语言结构, 就是说, 是语言本身支持的语句, 标识符.

比如, for, foreach, continue 等等, 它们在语法分析的时刻就被”抹掉”(逻辑上替代了)了.

让我们看看isset这个语句在语法分析的过程中, 是如何被”抹掉”的.

1. 首先, 在词法分析的时候, isset会被识别为T_ISSET标识符.2. 而在语法分析阶段, isset($var)这个指令, 会被分析成一条Opcode:ZEND_ISSET_ISEMPTY_VARS.

你可以理解isset就想C语言里面的宏, 在编译/执行之前已经被展开了.

因为这个, 所以在表现上, 会有如下的不同:

因为is_null是函数, 所以它可以通过如下方式调用:

$var  = NULL;$func = "is_null";$func($var);?>

而, isset因为是语句, 所以不能这样调用.

因为is_null是函数, 所以它可以接受函数返回值做为参数, 而isset不行(当然, 如果PHP想支持, 其实也是可以的, 只不过就要增加编译阶段的复杂度了):

is_null(intval("0x45"));//OKisset(intval("0x45"));//PHP Fatal error:  Can't use function return value in write contextis_null(NULL);//OKisset(NULL);//PHP Parse error:  syntax error?>

说了这么多isset的缺点了, 说点它的优点吧:

因为isset是语句, 所以它快!

在一千万次的简单检测语句循环中, 对比结果如下:

$a="laruence":isset($a);        //用时: 1.15165400505sis_null($a);//用时: 3.78501200676s?>

因为isset叫做isset, 所以它在检测未定义变量的时候, 不会产生NOTICE:

isset($laruence);//OKis_null($laruence);//PHP Notice:  Undefined variable: laruence?>

那么, 对于什么时候用isset什么时候用is_null, 我有什么建议呢?

诶, 我的建议是, 用函数做函数应该做的事情~, 听起来象废话?

isset => is set? => 变量有没有被赋值(声明)

is_null => is null? => 变量为空么?

另外, 如果要用is_null, 我建议使用 “=== NULL” 来代替, 它不仅语义和is_null一致, 结果一致, 速度还和isset差不多:

在一千万次的简单检测语句循环中, 对比结果如下:

$a="laruence":isset($a);        //用时: 1.15165400505sis_null($a);//用时: 3.78501200676s$a===NULL;         //用时: 1.21655392647s?>

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