python实现SMTP邮件发送功能

一直想着给框架添加邮件发送功能、所以整理下python下邮件发送功能

首先python是支持邮件的发送、内置smtp库、支持发送纯文本、HTML及添加附件的邮件。之后是邮箱、像163、qq、新浪等邮箱默认关闭SMTP服务，需要我们手动打开，打开后通过发件人邮箱、授权密码 通过发件人的SMTP服务发送

代码如下：

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf_8 -*-

from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEBase
from email import encoders
from email.header import Header
from email.utils import parseaddr, formataddr
import smtplib


class SendEmail:
 outbox = "pythondldysl01@163.com"
 # 发件箱地址
 password = "wxqcl258258"
 # 授权密码 不是邮箱登录密码
 inbox = "xxx@qq.com"
 # 收件箱地址
 smtp_server = "smtp.163.com"
 # 发件箱服务器地址

 def __init__(self):
 pass

 @classmethod
 def _format_address(cls, text):
 name, address = parseaddr(text)
 return formataddr((Header(name, "utf-8").encode(), address))

 @classmethod
 def send_email_text(cls):
 msg = MIMEText("测试smtp邮件发送功能", "plain", "utf-8")
 # 第一个参数：邮件正文
 # 第二个参数：邮件类型 纯文本
 # 第三个参数：编码

 msg["From"] = SendEmail._format_address("来自163的一封邮件 <%s>" % SendEmail.outbox)
 # 发件人姓名与发件箱地址
 msg["To"] = SendEmail._format_address("管理员 <%s>" % SendEmail.inbox)
 # 收件人姓名与收件箱地址
 msg["Subject"] = Header("来自SMTP的问候", "utf-8").encode()
 # 邮件标题

 try:
  server = smtplib.SMTP(SendEmail.smtp_server, 25)
  # 构造smtp服务器连接
  # server.set_debuglevel(1)
  # debug输出模式 默认关闭
  server.login(SendEmail.outbox, SendEmail.password)
  # 登录smtp服务器
  server.sendmail(SendEmail.outbox, [SendEmail.inbox], msg.as_string())
  # 发送邮件
  server.quit()
  print "邮件发送成功"
 except Exception, e:
  print str(e)
  print "邮件发送失败"
  
if __name__ == '__main__':
 SendEmail.send_email_text()

这只是纯文本的内容、可以支持HTML格式的内容、修改内容如下：

msg = MIMEText("测试smtp邮件发送功能", "plain", "utf-8")

内容修改成HTML格式、 “plain”改成 “html”

最后是添加附件的邮件

代码如下：

@classmethod
 def send_email_multipart(cls):
 msg = MIMEMultipart()

 msg["From"] = SendEmail._format_address("来自163的一封邮件 <%s>" % SendEmail.outbox)
 # 发件人姓名与发件箱地址
 msg["To"] = SendEmail._format_address("管理员 <%s>" % SendEmail.inbox)
 # 收件人姓名与收件箱地址
 msg["Subject"] = Header("来自SMTP的问候", "utf-8").encode()
 # 邮件标题

 msg.attach(MIMEText("测试添加附件的smtp邮件发送功能", "plain", "utf-8"))

 with open("E:\\work\\python project\\CreateProject\\20160421140953.xml", "rb") as f:
  # 设置附件的MIME和文件名
  mime = MIMEBase("xml", "xml", filename="测试报告.xml")
  # 加上必要的头信息
  mime.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment', filename="测试报告.xml")
  mime.add_header('Content-ID', '<0>')
  mime.add_header('X-Attachment-Id', '0')
  # 把附件的内容读进来:
  mime.set_payload(f.read())
  # 用Base64编码:
  encoders.encode_base64(mime)
  # 添加到MIMEMultipart:
  msg.attach(mime)

 try:
  server = smtplib.SMTP(SendEmail.smtp_server, 25)
  # 构造smtp服务器连接
  # server.set_debuglevel(1)
  # debug输出模式 默认关闭
  server.login(SendEmail.outbox, SendEmail.password)
  # 登录smtp服务器
  server.sendmail(SendEmail.outbox, [SendEmail.inbox], msg.as_string())
  # 发送邮件
  server.quit()
  print "邮件发送成功"
 except Exception, e:
  print str(e)
  print "邮件发送失败"

以上就是python邮件发送功能的具体实现代码，希望对大家的学习有所帮助。

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