通过Python使用saltstack生成服务器资产清单
SaltStack是一个服务器基础架构集中化管理平台，具备配置管理、远程执行、监控等功能，一般可以理解为简化版的puppet和加强版的func。SaltStack基于Python语言实现，结合轻量级消息队列（ZeroMQ）与Python第三方模块（Pyzmq、PyCrypto、Pyjinjia2、python-msgpack和PyYAML等）构建。
通过部署SaltStack环境，我们可以在成千上万台服务器上做到批量执行命令，根据不同业务特性进行配置集中化管理、分发文件、采集服务器数据、操作系统基础及软件包管理等，SaltStack是运维人员提高工作效率、规范业务配置与操作的利器。
前言：人工去对每一台服务器的硬件信息并记录早已经过去了，无论通过脚本还是自动化工具都是可以进行一次编写到处抓取的，本文主要使用saltstack作为使用工具，然后利用其提供的APi编写所需的Python脚本~~
需求如下：生成服务器主机名，IP地址，内存，CPU核数，操作系统，数据盘配额，主要运行服务
saltstack快速入门，可参考：Saltstack快速入门简单汇总
这里主要用到saltstack的grains,就是saltstack minion端生成的一些静态信息，比如CPU，内存，主机名什么的，而这些就是我们所需要的
执行salt \* grains.items,会打印一大堆的默认抓取的信息，其中一部分，如下
我们当然只挑我们需要的，操作如下
获取主机名
salt H-T-4 grains.item host
获取IP地址
salt zabbix grains.item ipv4
获取CPU核数
salt \* grains.item num_cpus
以此类推，根据自己所需，提取~~~
值得注意的是，grains信息里面并没有硬盘信息，所以还需通过disk.usage这个选项，得到我们所需的硬盘信息
执行salt zabbix disk.usage,得到结果如下
其中1K-blocks即我们所需的硬盘信息，根据需求只需要数据盘/data,所以后面就会计算这个盘的配额
最终脚本如下
#coding=utf-8
import salt.client as sc
import json
###salt调用
local = sc.LocalClient()
###目标主机指定
tgt = "*"
###获取grains，disk信息
grains = local.cmd(tgt,"grains.items")
diskusage = local.cmd(tgt,"disk.usage")
###主要应用列表即文件开头
app_name = ["tomcat","zookeeper","redis","mysql","nginx"]
cols = "主机名,IP地址,内存(GB),CPU核数,操作系统,数据盘/data(GB),所属项目,主要应用"
###打开一个.csv文件，以便写入
ret_file = open("ret.csv","w")
###首先写入开头，有点字段名的意思
ret_file.write(cols + "\n")
try:
for i in grains.keys():
###打印信息可注释掉
print grains[i]["nodename"]
print "ipv4" + ":" ,grains[i]["ipv4"]
print "mem_total" + ":" , grains[i]["mem_total"] / 1024 + 1
print "num_cpus" + ":" , grains[i]["num_cpus"]
print "osfullname" + ":" , grains[i]["osfullname"]
print "release" + ":" , grains[i]["lsb_distrib_release"]
###可能一些主机没有/data数据盘1048576是1024x1024
if "/data" not in diskusage[i]:
print "diskusage" + ":" + "have no /data disk"
else:
data_vol = int(diskusage[i]["/data"]["1K-blocks"])
print "diskusage" + ":" , data_vol / 1048576
###去掉127.0.0.1这个地址
ipv4 = str(grains[i]["ipv4"]).replace(", '127.0.0.1'","")
###因为一些历史遗留问题，这里取得不是主机名，而是salt-minion的id名，用以判断主要应用
hostname = grains[i]["id"]
ipv4 = str(grains[i]["ipv4"]).replace(", '127.0.0.1'","")
ipv4 = ipv4.replace(",","and")
mem = grains[i]["mem_total"] / 1024 + 1
num_cpu = grains[i]["num_cpus"]
OS = grains[i]["osfullname"] + grains[i]["lsb_distrib_release"]
if "/data" not in diskusage[i]:
disk_data = "None"
else:
disk_data = data_vol / 1048576
###项目名为空
project = ""
###通过minion ID名来判断主要运行服务，比如xx-mysql-1，则运行mysql
for j in app_name:
if j in hostname.lower():
app = j
break
else:
app = "undefined"
c = ","
###连接并写入
line = hostname + c + ipv4 + c + str(mem) + c + str(num_cpu) + c + str(OS) + c + str(disk_data) + c + project + c + app
ret_file.write(line + "\n")
except Exception,e:
print "Exception:\n",e
finally:
ret_file.close()用记事本打开应该是这样
以上内容是小编给大家介绍的通过Python使用saltstack生成服务器资产清单的全部叙述，希望对大家有所帮助！
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