Python中基本的日期时间处理的学习教程
Python程序能用很多方式处理日期和时间。转换日期格式是一个常见的例行琐事。Python有一个 time 和 calendar 模组可以帮忙。
什么是Tick？
时间间隔是以秒为单位的浮点小数。
每个时间戳都以自从1970年1月1日午夜（历元）经过了多长时间来表示。
Python附带的受欢迎的time模块下有很多函数可以转换常见日期格式。如函数time.time()用ticks计时单位返回从12:00am, January 1, 1970(epoch) 开始的记录的当前操作系统时间, 如下实例:
#!/usr/bin/python import time; # This is required to include time module. ticks = time.time() print "Number of ticks since 12:00am, January 1, 1970:", ticks
以上实例输出结果：
Number of ticks since 12:00am, January 1, 1970: 7186862.73399
Tick单位最适于做日期运算。但是1970年之前的日期就无法以此表示了。太遥远的日期也不行，UNIX和Windows只支持到2038年某日。
什么是时间元组？
很多Python函数用一个元组装起来的9组数字处理时间:
上述也就是struct_time元组。这种结构具有如下属性：
获取当前时间
从返回浮点数的时间辍方式向时间元组转换，只要将浮点数传递给如localtime之类的函数。
#!/usr/bin/python import time; localtime = time.localtime(time.time()) print "Local current time :", localtime
以上实例输出结果：
Local current time : time.struct_time(tm_year=2013, tm_mon=7, tm_mday=17, tm_hour=21, tm_min=26, tm_sec=3, tm_wday=2, tm_yday=198, tm_isdst=0)
获取格式化的时间
你可以根据需求选取各种格式，但是最简单的获取可读的时间模式的函数是asctime():
#!/usr/bin/python import time; localtime = time.asctime( time.localtime(time.time()) ) print "Local current time :", localtime
以上实例输出结果：
Local current time : Tue Jan 13 10:17:09 2009
获取某月日历
Calendar模块有很广泛的方法用来处理年历和月历，例如打印某月的月历：
#!/usr/bin/python import calendar cal = calendar.month(2008, 1) print "Here is the calendar:" print cal;
以上实例输出结果：
Here is the calendar: January 2008 Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
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