python学习笔记之调用eval函数出现invalid syntax错误问题
pytho的使用和分发完全是免费的,它是一种面向对象的语言,它的。它的类模块支持多态,操作符重载和多重继承等高级概念,并且以python特有的简洁的语法和类型,OOP十分易于使用。python内置了众多预编译并可移植的功能模块,这些功能模块叫做标准库(standard library)。python可以调用C和C++的库,可以被C和C++的程序调用,可以与java组件集成,可以和COM和.Net等框架进行通信,并且可以通过SOAP、XML-RPC和CORBA等接口与网络进行交互,所以,python绝不仅仅是一个独立的工具。
本来是想打算使用eval函数对变量进行赋值的,没想到出现了invalid syntax错误。源代码如下
In [2]: eval('a = 1') File "<string>", line 1 a = 1 ^ SyntaxError: invalid syntax
百度没百度到结果,最后在stackoverflow上找到了好的答案.
作者的意思是,eval函数只负责对表达式进行处理,并没有赋值的功能,也就是说,eval函数只负责对你的输入进行输出,True还是False又或者是什么东西。但它本身是没有影响当前代码环境的能力的。如果我们想用来进行赋值,那么应该使用exec()函数。看代码:
In [3]: exec('a = 1') In [4]: a Out[4]: 1
问题的解决方案已经供出了,那么我们现在再看看官方文档对这两个函数怎么说。
eval(expression, global=None, local=None)
参数是字符串和可选的global和local。global应当为一个字典文件,local应为一个映射对象。
expression参数将被处理为一个python的表达式(严格来说,是一串条件语句),global和local参数将被用来当做全局和局部的命名空间。
exec(object[,global,[locals])
这个函数能够为python提供动态的代码执行功能。

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