Python检测字符串中是否包含某字符集合中的字符
目的
检测字符串中是否包含某字符集合中的字符
方法
最简洁的方法如下,清晰,通用,快速,适用于任何序列和容器
def containAny(seq,aset):
for c in seq:
if c in aset:
return True
return False
第二种适用itertools模块来可以提高一点性能,本质上与前者是同种方法(不过此方法违背了Python的核心观点:简洁,清晰)
itertools.ifilter(predicate, iterable)的说明
Make an iterator that filters elements from iterable returning only those for which the predicate is True. If predicate is None, return the items that are true.
例如:
ifilter(lambda x: x%2, range(10)) --> 1 3 5 7 9
import itertools
def containAny(seq,aset):
for item in itertools.ifilter(aset.__contain__,seq):
return True
return False
如果要检测两个字符串是否为包含关系,此时必须检查所有子项,最好适用set类型,其中set(aset).difference(seq)是指存在于aset中而seq没有的元素:
def containAll(seq,aset):
return not set(aset).difference(seq)
例如下面这个例子:
In [4]: L1=[1,2,3,4]
In [5]: L2=[1,4,3,1]
In [6]: containAll(L1,L2)
Out[6]: True
In [7]: containAll(L2,L1)
Out[7]: False
注意一下,set.symmetric_difference是指两个集合独有的元素
In [9]: L2=[3,2,4,5]
In [10]: x=set(L1)
In [11]: x.symmetric_difference(L2)
Out[11]: set([1, 5])

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