Python检测字符串中是否包含某字符集合中的字符

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Release: 2016-06-10 15:11:57
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目的

  检测字符串中是否包含某字符集合中的字符

方法

  最简洁的方法如下,清晰,通用,快速,适用于任何序列和容器

复制代码 代码如下:

def containAny(seq,aset):
    for c in seq:
         if c in aset:
                return True
    return False

      第二种适用itertools模块来可以提高一点性能,本质上与前者是同种方法(不过此方法违背了Python的核心观点:简洁,清晰)

itertools.ifilter(predicate, iterable)的说明

Make an iterator that filters elements from iterable returning only those for which the predicate is True. If predicate is None, return the items that are true.

例如:

ifilter(lambda x: x%2, range(10)) --> 1 3 5 7 9

复制代码 代码如下:

 import itertools

def  containAny(seq,aset):

     for item in itertools.ifilter(aset.__contain__,seq):

            return True

     return False


 

如果要检测两个字符串是否为包含关系,此时必须检查所有子项,最好适用set类型,其中set(aset).difference(seq)是指存在于aset中而seq没有的元素:

复制代码 代码如下:

def  containAll(seq,aset):
      return not set(aset).difference(seq)

例如下面这个例子:

复制代码 代码如下:

In [4]: L1=[1,2,3,4]

In [5]: L2=[1,4,3,1]

In [6]: containAll(L1,L2)
Out[6]: True

In [7]: containAll(L2,L1)
Out[7]: False


 

注意一下,set.symmetric_difference是指两个集合独有的元素

复制代码 代码如下:

In [9]: L2=[3,2,4,5]
In [10]: x=set(L1)
In [11]: x.symmetric_difference(L2)
Out[11]: set([1, 5])
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