初步讲解Python中的元组概念
元组是不可变的Python对象序列。元组的序列就像列表。唯一的区别是，元组不能被改变，即元组是不可被修改。元组使用小括号，而列表使用方括号。
创建一个元组很简单，只要把不同的逗号分隔值，可以把括号中的这些逗号来分隔每个值。例如：
tup1 = ('physics', 'chemistry', 1997, 2000);
tup2 = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 );
tup3 = "a", "b", "c", "d";
空的元组写为含有两对称括号：
tup1 = ();
要元组中包含一个值，必须有一个逗号，即使只有一个值的元组：
tup1 = (50,);
如字符串索引，元组索引从0开始，元组可以切片，联接等。
访问元组的值：
要访问元组的值，使用方括号沿切片及索引或索引来获得可用的索引对应的值。下面是一个简单的例子：
#!/usr/bin/python
tup1 = ('physics', 'chemistry', 1997, 2000);
tup2 = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 );
print "tup1[0]: ", tup1[0]
print "tup2[1:5]: ", tup2[1:5]
当执行上面的代码，产生以下结果：
tup1[0]: physics tup2[1:5]: [2, 3, 4, 5]
更新元组：
元组是不可变的，这意味着不能更新或更改元组元素的值。但可以利用现有的元组的部分来创建新的元组，如下例所示：
#!/usr/bin/python
tup1 = (12, 34.56);
tup2 = ('abc', 'xyz');
# Following action is not valid for tuples
# tup1[0] = 100;
# So let's create a new tuple as follows
tup3 = tup1 + tup2;
print tup3;
当执行上面的代码，产生以下结果：
(12, 34.56, 'abc', 'xyz')
删除的元组元素：
除去各个元组的元素是不可能的。当然，一个元组与丢弃不想要的元素放在一起没有错。
要明确地删除整个元组，只要使用del语句。下面是一个简单的例子：
#!/usr/bin/python
tup = ('physics', 'chemistry', 1997, 2000, hema);
print tup;
del tup;
print "After deleting tup : "
print tup;
这将产生以下结果。注意引发异常，这是因为经过del tup元组就不存在了：
('physics', 'chemistry', 1997, 2000)
After deleting tup :
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "test.py", line 9, in <module>
print tup;
NameError: name 'tup' is not defined
元组的基本操作：
元组的 + 和 * 运算符回应就像字符串中一样; 他们串联和重复功能在这里也一样，不同的是，结果是一个新的记录，而不是字符串。
实际上，元组响应所有我们使用在现有章字符串的一般操作顺序：
索引，切片和矩阵：
因为元组序列，索引和切片与字符串的工作方式相同。假设下面输入：
L = ('spam', 'Spam', 'SPAM!')
无封闭分隔符：
任何一组多个对象，以逗号分隔，不写识别符号，即括号内的列表，括号中的元组等，默认为元组，在下面这个短短的例子说明：
#!/usr/bin/python print 'abc', -4.24e93, 18+6.6j, 'xyz'; x, y = 1, 2; print "Value of x , y : ", x,y;
当执行上面的代码，产生以下结果：
abc -4.24e+93 (18+6.6j) xyz Value of x , y : 1 2
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