Python中列表的一些基本操作知识汇总
Python最基本的数据结构是序列(列表/元组)。一个序列中的每个元素都分配有一个数字- 它的位置或索引。第一个索引是0，第二个索引是1，依此类推。
Python有6内置类型的序列，但最常见的是列表和元组，我们将在本教程中看到。
有一些东西可以使用所有序列类型来做。这些操作包括索引，切片，加，乘，并检查成员。此外，Python已经内置函数查找序列的长度和搜索它的最大和最小的元素。
Python列表：
列表是最通用的数据类型，在Python可以写成逗号分隔值方括号(项目)列表。有关列表是在一个列表中的项不一定是同个数据类型。
创建一个列表很简单，只要把squere括号之间不同的逗号分隔值。例如：
list1 = ['physics', 'chemistry', 1997, 2000]; list2 = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ]; list3 = ["a", "b", "c", "d"];
如字符串索引，列表索引从0开始，并列出可切片，连接等。
访问列表中的值：
访问列表中的值，请使用方括号沿切片带索引或索引来获得可用的索引对应的值。下面是一个简单的例子：
#!/usr/bin/python list1 = ['physics', 'chemistry', 1997, 2000]; list2 = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ]; print "list1[0]: ", list1[0] print "list2[1:5]: ", list2[1:5]
当执行上面的代码，产生以下结果：
list1[0]: physics list2[1:5]: [2, 3, 4, 5]
更新列表：
可以通过给切片赋值运算符的左边更新列表的单个或多个元素，并可以使用append()方法添加元素到列表。下面是一个简单的例子：
#!/usr/bin/python list = ['physics', 'chemistry', 1997, 2000]; print "Value available at index 2 : " print list[2]; list[2] = 2001; print "New value available at index 2 : " print list[2];
注：append()方法将在后续章节中讨论。
当执行上面的代码，产生以下结果：
Value available at index 2 : 1997 New value available at index 2 : 2001
删除列表中的元素：
要删除列表的元素，可以使用del语句，如果知道哪些元素要删除；或如果你不知道那么使用remove()方法。下面是一个简单的例子：
#!/usr/bin/python list1 = ['physics', 'chemistry', 1997, 2000]; print list1; del list1[2]; print "After deleting value at index 2 : " print list1;
当执行上面的代码，它会产生以下结果：
['physics', 'chemistry', 1997, 2000] After deleting value at index 2 : ['physics', 'chemistry', 2000]
注：remove()方法在以后的章节中讨论。
基本列表操作：
列出了 + 和 * 运算符就像字符串; 串联和重复字符串在这里也一样，不同的是，结果是一个新的列表，而不是一个字符串。
事实上，列表响应所有我们使用在字符串的一般操作顺序。
索引，切片，和矩阵：
因为列表序列，索引和切片的工作方式与他们对字符串操作类似。
假设下面输入：
L = ['spam', 'Spam', 'SPAM!']
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