Python中的MongoDB基本操作:连接、查询实例
Jun 10, 2016 pm 03:17 PMMongoDB是一个基于分布式文件存储的数据库。由C++语言编写。旨在为WEB应用提供可护展的高性能数据存储解决方案。它的特点是高性能、易部署、易使用,存储数据非常方便。
MongoDB 简单使用
联接数据库
In [1]: import pymongo
In [2]: from pymongo import Connection
In [3]: connection = Connection('192.168.1.3', 27017) //创建联接
Connection 相关参数
Connection([host='localhost'[, port=27017[, pool_size=None[, auto_start_request=None[, timeout=None[, slave_okay=False[, network_timeout=None[, document_class=dict[, tz_aware=True]]]]]]]]])
数据库操作
In [9]: c.database_names() //列出所有数据库名称
Out[9]: [u'test', u'admin', u'yuhen', u'sms', u'local']
In [10]: c.server_info() //查看服务器相关信息
Out[10]:
{u'bits': 64,
u'gitVersion': u'nogitversion',
u'ok': 1.0,
u'sysInfo': u'Linux yellow 2.6.24-27-server #1 SMP Fri Mar 12 01:23:09 UTC 2010 x86_64 BOOST_LIB_VERSION=1_40',
u'version': u'1.2.2'}
In [16]: db = c['test'] //选择数据库
In [17]: db.collection_names() //列出当前数据库中所有集合名称
Out[17]: [u'system.indexes', u'fs.files', u'fs.chunks', u'test_gao']
In [23]: db.connection //查看联接信息
Out[23]: Connection('192.168.1.3', 27017)
In [24]: db.create_collection('test_abeen') //创建新集合
Out[24]: Collection(Database(Connection('192.168.1.3', 27017), u'test'), u'test_abeen')
In [25]: db.last_status() //查看上次操作状态
Out[25]: {u'err': None, u'n': 0, u'ok': 1.0}
In [26]: db.name //查看当前数据库名称
Out[26]: u'test'
In [27]: db.profiling_info() //查看配置信息
Out[27]: []
In [28]: db.profiling_level()
Out[28]: 0.0
集合操作
In [31]: db.collection_names() //查看当前数据库所有集合名称
Out[31]:
[u'system.indexes',
u'fs.files',
u'fs.chunks',
u'test_gao',
u'system.users',
u'test_abeen']
In [32]: c = db.test_abeen //选择集合
In [33]: c.name //查看当前集合名称
Out[33]: u'test_abeen'
In [35]: c.full_name //查看当前集合全名
Out[35]: u'test.test_abeen'
In [36]: c.database //查看当前集合数据库相关信息
Out[36]: Database(Connection('192.168.1.3', 27017), u'test')
In [38]: post = {"author":"Mike","text":"this is a test by abeen"}
In [39]: posts = db.posts
In [40]: posts.insert(post) //向数据库集合插入文档,默认创建集合
Out[40]: ObjectId('4c358492421aa91e70000000')
In [41]: db.collection_names() //显示所有集合名称
Out[41]:
[u'system.indexes',
u'fs.files',
u'fs.chunks',
u'test_gao',
u'system.users',
u'test_abeen',
u'posts']
In [42]: posts.find_one() //从集合查找信息
Out[42]:
{u'_id': ObjectId('4c358492421aa91e70000000'),
u'author': u'Mike',
u'text': u'this is a test by abeen'}
In [52]: p.update({"author":"Mike"},{"$set":{"author":"abeen","text":"this is a test by abeen shan shan"}})//更新集合文档信息
In [55]: list(p.find())
Out[55]:
[{u'_id': ObjectId('4c358492421aa91e70000000'),
u'author': u'abeen',
u'text': u'this is a test by abeen shan shan'}]
In [96]: list(posts.find())
Out[96]:
[{u'_id': ObjectId('4c358492421aa91e70000000'),
u'author': u'Mike',
u'text': u'this is a test by abeen'},
{u'_id': ObjectId('4c358ad4421aa91e70000002'), u'a': u'aa', u'b': u'bb'},
{u'_id': ObjectId('4c358ad9421aa91e70000003'), u'a': u'aa', u'b': u'bb'},
{u'_id': ObjectId('4c358abb421aa91e70000001'),
u'a': u'abeen',
u'b': u'this bb is updated'}]
In [97]: posts.remove({"a":"abeen"}) //删除符合条件的文档
In [98]: list(posts.find())
Out[98]:
[{u'_id': ObjectId('4c358492421aa91e70000000'),
u'author': u'Mike',
u'text': u'this is a test by abeen'},
{u'_id': ObjectId('4c358ad4421aa91e70000002'), u'a': u'aa', u'b': u'bb'},
{u'_id': ObjectId('4c358ad9421aa91e70000003'), u'a': u'aa', u'b': u'bb'}]
In [102]: db.collection_names()
Out[102]:
[u'system.indexes',
u'fs.files',
u'fs.chunks',
u'test_gao',
u'system.users',
u'test_abeen',
u'posts',
u'doc_abeen']
In [104]: db.drop_collection("doc_abeen") //删除集合
In [105]: db.collection_names()
Out[105]:
[u'system.indexes',
u'fs.files',
u'fs.chunks',
u'test_gao',
u'system.users',
u'test_abeen',
u'posts']
代码
In [113]: result = db.posts.find({"a":"aa"})//查找
In [114]: type(result)
Out[114]:
In [119]: list(result)
Out[119]:
[{u'_id': ObjectId('4c358ad4421aa91e70000002'), u'a': u'aa', u'b': u'bb'},
{u'_id': ObjectId('4c358ad9421aa91e70000003'), u'a': u'aa', u'b': u'bb'}]
find格式
find([spec=None[, fields=None[, skip=0[, limit=0[, timeout=True[, snapshot=False[, tailable=False[, sort=None[, max_scan=None[, as_class=None[, **kwargs]]]]]]]]]]])
代码
In [120]: db.posts.count()//当前集合文档数
Out[120]: 3
In [121]: type(db.posts)
Out[121]:
In [138]: posts.rename('test_abeen')//重命名当前集合
In [139]: db.collection_names()
Out[139]:
[u'system.indexes',
u'fs.files',
u'fs.chunks',
u'test_gao',
u'system.users',
u'test_abeen']
In [151]: for post in c.find({"a":"aa"}).sort("a"): //查询并排序列
post
Out[152]: {u'_id': ObjectId('4c358ad4421aa91e70000002'), u'a': u'aa', u'b': u'bb'}
Out[152]: {u'_id': ObjectId('4c358ad9421aa91e70000003'), u'a': u'aa', u'b': u'bb'}
> db.foo.insert( { x : 1, y : 1 } )
> db.foo.insert( { x : 2, y : "string" } )
> db.foo.insert( { x : 3, y : null } )
> db.foo.insert( { x : 4 } )
// Query #1 y 为null或不存在
> db.foo.find( { "y" : null } )
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4dc1975312c677fc83b5629f"), "x" : 3, "y" : null }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4dc1975a12c677fc83b562a0"), "x" : 4 }
// Query #2 y为null的值
> db.foo.find( { "y" : { $type : 10 } } )
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4dc1975312c677fc83b5629f"), "x" : 3, "y" : null }
// Query #3 y不存在的结果
> db.foo.find( { "y" : { $exists : false } } )
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4dc1975a12c677fc83b562a0"), "x" : 4 }

Hot Article

Hot tools Tags

Hot Article

Hot Article Tags

Notepad++7.3.1
Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version
Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1
Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6
Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version
God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

Hot Topics

What are the advantages and disadvantages of templating?

Google AI announces Gemini 1.5 Pro and Gemma 2 for developers

What language is the browser plug-in written in?
