Python内置函数之filter map reduce介绍
Python内置了一些非常有趣、有用的函数,如:filter、map、reduce,都是对一个集合进行处理,filter很容易理解用于过滤,map用于映射,reduce用于归并. 是Python列表方法的三架马车。
1. filter函数的功能相当于过滤器。调用一个布尔函数bool_func来迭代遍历每个seq中的元素;返回一个使bool_seq返回值为true的元素的序列。
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2. map函数func作用于给定序列的每个元素,并用一个列表来提供返回值。
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3. reduce函数,func为二元函数,将func作用于seq序列的元素,每次携带一对(先前的结果以及下一个序列的元素),连续的将现有的结果和下一个值作用在获得的随后的结果上,最后减少我们的序列为一个单一的返回值。
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例1:用map和reduce实现5的阶乘相加(5!+4!+3!+2!+1!)
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结果为
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#把上一步的结果变成一个阶乘列表
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#最后把阶乘列表相加,第一题解决
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例2:用filter将100~200以内的质数过滤出来
质数又称素数。指在一个大于1的自然数中,除了1和此整数自身外,不能被其他自然数整除的数
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