PHP的压缩函数实现:gzencode、gzdeflate和gzcompress的区别,gzencodegzdeflate
PHP的压缩函数实现:gzencode、gzdeflate和gzcompress的区别,gzencodegzdeflate
•gzencode 默认使用ZLIB_ENCODING_GZIP编码,使用gzip压缩格式,实际上是使用defalte 算法压缩数据,然后加上文件头和adler32校验
•gzdeflate 默认使用ZLIB_ENCODING_RAW编码方式,使用deflate数据压缩算法,实际上是先用 LZ77 压缩,然后用霍夫曼编码压缩
•gzcompress ;默认使用ZLIB_ENCODING_DEFLATE编码,使用zlib压缩格式,实际上是用 deflate 压缩数据,然后加上 zlib 头和 CRC 校验
这三个函数的比较实质上是三种压缩方法:deflate, zlib, gzip的比较。
从性能的维度看:deflate 好于 gzip 好于 zlib
从文本文件默认压缩率压缩后体积的维度看:deflate 好于 zlib 好于 gzip
这三种算法中gzip 、zlib的作者都是Jean-Loup Gailly和 Mark Adler。
这两种算法以及图形格式png,使用的压缩算法却都是deflate算法。
deflate算法是同时使用了LZ77算法与哈夫曼编码(Huffman Coding)的一个无损数据压缩算法。
它最初是由Phil Katz为他的PKZIP归档工具第二版所定义的,后来定义在 RFC 1951规范中。
deflate算法的压缩与解压的实现过程可以在压缩库zlib上找到。
PHP的压缩实现依赖于zlib,zlib是一个提供了 deflate, zlib, gzip 压缩方法的函数库。
我们所使用的上面三个函数,将参数中的encoding转为相同,压缩率设置相同,则其最终调用的是同一个函数,效果和性能一样。
PHP的zlib实现是以扩展的方式存在于ext/zlib目录中。通过deflateInit2() + deflate() + deflateEnd()三个函数配合完成压缩功能,inflateInit2() + inflate() + inflateEnd()三个函数配合完成解压功能。压缩最终都是通过php_zlib_encode函数实现调用,除了输入的字符串,压缩率,结果的输出外,不同的入口函数调用参数不同的是其encoding。deflateInit2的第四个参数指定encoding,PHP定义了三个常量:
复制代码 代码如下:
#define PHP_ZLIB_ENCODING_RAW -0xf //deflate -15
#define PHP_ZLIB_ENCODING_GZIP 0x1f //gzip 15 + 16
#define PHP_ZLIB_ENCODING_DEFLATE 0x0f // zlib 15
三个函数在调用过程可以直接指定encoding使用其它的算法:
复制代码 代码如下:
zlib: ZLIB_ENCODING_DEFLATE
gzip: ZLIB_ENCODING_GZIP
deflate: ZLIB_ENCODING_RAW
此三个函数是三种算法的简单调用方式,以更好的命名展现。三个函数间可以通过指定相同的encoding达到相同的效果,并且PHP也提供zlib_encode函数作为通用的压缩函数。
参考资料:
http://shouce.jb51.net/gzip/rfc-deflate.html
http://www.gzip.org/zlib/rfc-deflate.html
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