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详解PHP中的null合并运算符,详解phpnull运算符
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详解PHP中的null合并运算符,详解phpnull运算符

Jun 13, 2016 am 08:48 AM
null php merge operator Logical Operators

详解PHP中的null合并运算符,详解phpnull运算符

null合并运算符是一个好东西,有了它我们就能很方便的获取一个参数,并能在其为空的情况下提供一个默认值。比如在js中可以用||来搞:

function setSomething(a){
  a = a || 'some-default-value';
  // ...
}
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而在PHP中,可惜PHP的||总是返回true或false,无法这样来搞。

PHP7才正式加入了??这个运算符:

// 获取user参数的值(如果为空,则用'nobody')
$username = $_GET['user'] ?? 'nobody';
// 等价于:
$username = isset($_GET['user']) ? $_GET['user'] : 'nobody';
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PHP7 估计还有很长时间才能用到生产环境中,那在目前的PHP5中有没有替代方案呢?

据研究,完全有个非常便捷的替代方案:

// 获取user参数的值(如果为空,则用'nobody')
$username = @$_GET['user'] ?: 'nobody';
// 等价于:
$username = isset($_GET['user']) ? $_GET['user'] : 'nobody';
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-- 运行此代码: https://3v4l.org/aDUW8

瞪大了眼睛看,跟前面的PHP7的例子差不多,主要是把 ?? 替换为了 ?: 。 这个是个什么鬼呢?其实这就是 (expr1) ? (expr2) : (expr3) 表达式的省略模式:

表达式 (expr1) ? (expr2) : (expr3) 在 expr1 求值为 TRUE 时的值为 expr2,在 expr1 求值为 FALSE 时的值为 expr3。

自 PHP 5.3 起,可以省略三元运算符中间那部分。表达式 expr1 ?: expr3 在 expr1 求值为 TRUE 时返回 expr1,否则返回 expr3。

-- http://php.net/manual/zh/language.operators.comparison.php

当然,这个替代方案也不是完美的 —— 如果 $_GET 中没有 'user',会有一条 Notice: Undefined index: user 的错误,所以需要用@来抑制这个错误,或者关闭 E_NOTICE 的错误。

ps:PHP7 null合并运算符 告别isset()

以前的写法

$info = isset($_GET['email']) ? $_GET['email'] : ‘noemail';
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现在直接这样写就可以了

$info = $_GET['email'] ?? noemail;
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还可以这样连写使用

$info = $_GET['email'] ?? $_POST['email'] ?? ‘noemail';
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  • C# null 合并运算符??(双问号)使用示例
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