Yii基于数组和对象的Model查询技巧实例详解,yiimodel
Yii基于数组和对象的Model查询技巧实例详解,yiimodel
本文实例讲述了Yii基于数组和对象的Model查询技巧。分享给大家供大家参考,具体如下:
对于一个Model Post 有如下的4中查询方法,返回对象或者对象数组。
//查找满足指定条件的结果中的第一行 find the first row satisfying the specified condition $post=Post::model()->find($condition,$params); //查找具有指定主键值的那一行 find the row with the specified primary key $post=Post::model()->findByPk($postID,$condition,$params); //查找具有指定属性值的行 find the row with the specified attribute values $post=Post::model()->findByAttributes($attributes,$condition,$params);//未找到返回null //通过指定的SQL 语句查找结果中的第一行 find the first row using the specified SQL statement $post=Post::model()->findBySql($sql,$params);
如果find 方法找到了一个满足查询条件的行,它将返回一个Post 实例,实例的属性含有数据表行中相应列的值。然后我们就可以像读取普通对象的属性那样读取载入的值,例如echo $post->title;。如果使用给定的查询条件在数据库中没有找到任何东西, find 方法将返回null。
调用find 时,我们使用$condition 和$params 指定查询条件。此处$condition 可以是SQL 语句中的WHERE 字符串,$params 则是一个参数数组,其中的值应绑定到$condation 中的占位符。例如:假设我们查询postID = 10的数据
// find the row with postID=10 $post=Post::model()->find('postID=:postID', array(':postID'=>10));
条件$condition 就是我们sql里的where部分,那参数怎么办呢,通过params传递,不过名字是加了":"的。
YII有个CDbCriteria类来构造查询,如果我们查询postId为10的title,CdbCriteria是这样构造的
$criteria=new CDbCriteria; $criteria->select='title'; // only select the 'title' column $criteria->condition='postID=:postID'; $criteria->params=array(':postID'=>10); $post=Post::model()->find($criteria); // $params is not needed
一种替代CDbCriteria 的方法是给find 方法传递一个数组。数组的键和值各自对应标准( criterion)的属性名和值,上面的例子可以重写为如下:
$post=Post::model()->find(array( 'select'=>'title', 'condition'=>'postID=:postID', 'params'=>array(':postID'=>10), ));
当然也适用于findAll()
self::$_items[$type]=array(); $models=self::model()->findAll(array( 'condition'=>'type=:type', 'params'=>array(':type'=>$type), 'order'=>'position', ));
当一个查询条件是关于按指定的值匹配几个列时,我们可以使用findByAttributes()。我们使$attributes 参数是一个以列名做索引的值的数组。
findByAttributes 里的$attributes就是字段的名字.查询title为abc怎么查询呢?见下面
复制代码 代码如下:Post::model()->findByAttributes(array('title'=>'abc'))
其它方法:
1、$admin=Admin::model()->findAll($condition,$params);
该方法是根据一个条件查询一个集合,如:
复制代码 代码如下:findAll("username=:name",array(":name"=>$username));
2、$admin=Admin::model()->findAllByPk($postIDs,$condition,$params);
findAllByPk($id,"name like ':name' and age=:age" ,array(':name'=>$name,'age'=>$age));
该方法是根据主键查询一个集合,可以使用多个主键,如:
复制代码 代码如下:findAllByPk(array(1,2));
3、$admin=Admin::model()->findAllByAttributes($attributes,$condition,$params);
该方法是根据条件查询一个集合,可以是多个条件,把条件放到数组里面,如:
复制代码 代码如下:findAllByAttributes(array('username'=>'admin'));
4、$admin=Admin::model()->findAllBySql($sql,$params);
该方法是根据SQL语句查询一个数组,如:
复制代码 代码如下:findAllBySql("select *from admin where username=:name",array(':name'=>'admin'));
二、查询对像的方法
1、$admin=Admin::model()->findByPk($postID,$condition,$params);
根据主键查询出一个对象,如:复制代码 代码如下:findByPk(1);
2、$row=Admin::model()->find($condition,$params);
根据一个条件查询出一组数据,可能是多个,但是他只返回第一行数据,如:
复制代码 代码如下:find('username=:name',array(':name'=>'admin'));
3、$admin=Admin::model()->findByAttributes($attributes,$condition,$params);
该方法是根据条件查询一组数据,可以是多个条件,把条件放到数组里面,他查询的也是第一条数据,如:
复制代码 代码如下:findByAttributes(array('username'=>'admin'));
4、$admin=Admin::model()->findBySql($sql,$params);
该方法是根据SQL语句查询一组数据,他查询的也是第一条数据,如:
复制代码 代码如下:findBySql("select *from admin where username=:name",array(':name'=>'admin'));
5、拼一个获得SQL的方法,在根据find查询出一个对象
$criteria=new CDbCriteria; $criteria->select='username'; // only select the 'title' column $criteria->condition='username=:username'; $criteria->params=array(':username=>'admin'); $post=Post::model()->find($criteria); // $params is not needed
三、查询个数,判断查询是否有结果
1、$n=Post::model()->count($condition,$params);
该方法是根据一个条件查询一个集合有多少条记录,返回一个int型数字,如
复制代码 代码如下:count("username=:name",array(":name"=>$username));
2、$n=Post::model()->countBySql($sql,$params);
该方法是根据SQL语句查询一个集合有多少条记录,返回一个int型数字,如
复制代码 代码如下:countBySql("select *from admin where username=:name",array(':name'=>'admin'));
3、$exists=Post::model()->exists($condition,$params);
该方法是根据一个条件查询查询得到的数组有没有数据,如果有数据返回一个true,否则没有找到
四、添加的方法
$admin=new Admin; $admin->username=$username; $admin->password=$password; if($admin->save()>0){ echo "添加成功"; }else{ echo "添加失败"; }
五、修改的方法
1、Post::model()->updateAll($attributes,$condition,$params);
$count = Admin::model()->updateAll(array('username'=>'11111','password'=>'11111'),'password=:pass',array(':pass'=>'1111a1')); if($count>0){ echo "修改成功"; }else{ echo "修改失败"; }
2、Post::model()->updateByPk($pk,$attributes,$condition,$params);
$count = Admin::model()->updateByPk(1,array('username'=>'admin','password'=>'admin')); $count = Admin::model()->updateByPk(array(1,2),array('username'=>'admin','password'=>'admin'),'username=:name',array(':name'=>'admin')); if($count>0){ echo "修改成功"; }else{ echo "修改失败"; }
$pk代表主键,可以是一个也可以是一个集合,$attributes代表是要修改的字段的集合,$condition代表条件,$params传入的值
3、Post::model()->updateCounters($counters,$condition,$params);
$count =Admin::model()->updateCounters(array('status'=>1),'username=:name',array(':name'=>'admin')); if($count>0){ echo "修改成功"; }else{ echo "修改失败"; }
array('status'=>1)代表数据库中的admin表根据条件username='admin',查询出的所有结果status字段都自加1
六、删除的方法
1、Post::model()->deleteAll($condition,$params);
$count = Admin::model()->deleteAll('username=:name and password=:pass',array(':name'=>'admin',':pass'=>'admin')); $id=1,2,3 deleteAll('id in(".$id.")');删除id为这些的数据 if($count>0){ echo "删除成功"; }else{ echo "删除失败"; }
2、Post::model()->deleteByPk($pk,$condition,$params);
$count = Admin::model()->deleteByPk(1); $count = Admin::model()->deleteByPk(array(1,2),'username=:name',array(':name'=>'admin')); if($count>0){ echo "删除成功"; }else{ echo "删除失败"; }
希望本文所述对大家基于Yii框架的PHP程序设计有所帮助。
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