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深入浅析php json 格式控制,
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深入浅析php json 格式控制,

Jun 13, 2016 am 08:49 AM
json php Format

深入浅析php json 格式控制,

关于 json 这个问题,陆陆续续有新手朋友找我问,比如为什么我输出的是 {"1":"item1","2":"item2","3":"item3"} 而不是 ["item1","item2","item3"]。

php数组 与 js数组

我这里用 php 5.4 以上语法表示。

php 里有关联数组和索引数组,例如:

<&#63;php
// 索引数组
$arr = ['item1', 'item2', 'item3'];
// 关联数组
$arr = [
 'name' => '张三',
 'age' => '22',
]; 
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而 js 里只有一种数组,那就是索引数组,也许你会说可以用 K/V 键值对形式模拟关联数组啊。

K/V 键值对看起来像,但他没有任何数组特性,这里就不详细说明了。

而上面的 php 数组 json_encode 后得到的 json 格式分别是 ["item1","item2","item3"] 和 {"name":"\u5f20\u4e09","age":"22"}。这里的中文被转为 Unicode 了,如果你非要显示中文,php 5.4 之后支持 JSON_UNESCAPED_UNICODE 参数,json_encode($arr, JSON_UNESCAPED_UNICODE) 即可得到 {"name":"张三","age":"22"},不过非常不推荐这样写。

这里分别得到的是 js 下的 数组 和 对象 格式的 json 字符串,那为什么会生成这两种类型,或者说,什么情况会生成对象格式,什么情况会生成数组格式呢。

php 数组 输出格式控制

大致几种情况我都列出来了,直接看代码。

<&#63;php
$arr = [ // 不是 0 开始,会输出对象
 1 => 'item1',
 2 => 'item2',
 3 => 'item3',
];
echo "输出对象: ", json_encode($arr), "\n";
// 输出对象: {"1":"item1","2":"item2","3":"item3"}
$arr = [ // 连续索引,输出数组
 0 => 'item1',
 1 => 'item2',
 2 => 'item3',
];
echo "输出数组: ", json_encode($arr), "\n";
// 输出数组: ["item1","item2","item3"]
$arr = [ // 连续索引,输出数组 
 'item1',
 'item2',
 'item3',
];
echo "输出数组: ", json_encode($arr), "\n";
// 输出数组: ["item1","item2","item3"]
$arr = [ // 索引不连续,输出对象
 0 => 'item1',
 1 => 'item2',
 2 => 'item3',
 5 => 'item5',
];
echo "输出对象: ", json_encode($arr), "\n";
// 输出对象: {"0":"item1","1":"item2","2":"item3","5":"item5"}
$arr = [ // 包含关联索引,一定输出对象
 0 => 'item1',
 1 => 'item2',
 2 => 'item3',
 'other' => '其他字段'
];
echo "输出对象: ", json_encode($arr), "\n";
// 输出对象: {"0":"item1","1":"item2","2":"item3","other":"\u5176\u4ed6\u5b57\u6bb5"}
// 关联数组 + 索引数组 实例
$arr = [ // 关联数组
 'other' => '其他字段',
 'count' => 3, // 数组个数
 'list' => [ // 索引数组
  'item1',
  'item2',
  'item3',
 ],
];
echo "对象+数组: ", json_encode($arr), "\n";
// 对象+数组: {"other":"\u5176\u4ed6\u5b57\u6bb5","count":3,"list":["item1","item2","item3"]} 
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其实第一种就是很多新手朋友经常遇到的问题。

因为数据库读出来后他们喜欢把 id 当索引用,而数据库的 id 不是从 0 开始的,看下这个例子。

$arr = $User->where($where)->find(); // 读取数据
$list = [];
foreach($arr as $key => $val) { // 遍历数组
 $list[$key] = [
  'name' => $val['name'],
  'age' => $val['age'],
 ];
}
$list['count'] = count($arr); // 其他属性
echo json_encode($list); // 输出 json
// {"1":{"name":"zhangsan","age":22},"2":{"name":"lisi","age":25},"count":2} 
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而最后一种是比较常用的写法,自定义字段和数组一起用,来修改下刚才例子。

$arr = $User->where($where)->find(); // 读取数据
$list = [];
foreach($arr as $key => $val) { // 遍历数组
 $list['list'][] = [ // 修改这里
  'name' => $val['name'],
  'age' => $val['age'],
 ];
}
$list['count'] = count($arr); // 其他属性
echo json_encode($list); // 输出 json
// {"list":[{"name":"zhangsan","age":22},{"name":"lisi","age":25}],"count":2} 
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希望对大家学习php json 格式控制相关知识有所帮助。谢谢大家一直以来对帮客之家网站的支持。

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