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PHP中Session和Cookie是如何操作的,sessioncookie
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PHP中Session和Cookie是如何操作的,sessioncookie

Jun 13, 2016 am 08:53 AM
cookie php session

PHP中Session和Cookie是如何操作的,sessioncookie

Session
PHP的$_SESSION可以存储当前用户数据信息,用户访问WEB网站的时候,PHP会给每个访问的用户创建一个session ID,该ID是唯一ID,保存在客户机上,而用户的会话数据是保存到服务端的,PHP可以对每个不同的用户信息进行存储,当会话过期后,用户session信息也会失效。
使用Session,在使用PHP session时,一定要在页头加上session_start(),告诉服务器开始使用session了,而且在它之前应该没有任何输出,否则会报错。

<&#63;php 
session_start(); 
 
//PHP 代码... 
&#63;> 
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PHP设置与获取Session
我们可以使用PHP的$_SESSION来设置和获取Session数据,如:

<&#63;php 
session_start();  
 
//设置一个session值 
$_SESSION["name"] = "Hello"; 
 
//将session以数组形式保存 
$_SESSION["arr"] = array('name' => 'Hello', 'url' => 'http://www.helloweba.com', 'type'=> 'website'); 
&#63;> 
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一旦储存了Session数据,我们就可以在网站上使用Session,比如我们在另一个页面就可以获取Session数据:

<&#63;php 
session_start();  
 
//获取保存的Session name 
echo $_SESSION["name"]; 
 
//打印数组session 
print_r($_SESSION["arr"]); 
&#63;> 
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PHP删除Session
当不再使用Session时,我们可以使用PHP将session数据删除和清空,方法如下:

<&#63;php 
unset($_SESSION["name"]); 
&#63;> 
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如果要清空当前用户所有的Session信息可以使用以下代码:

<&#63;php 
session_destroy(); 
&#63;> 
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Cookie
Cookie是由用户访问的网站服务端给当前客户机上创建的一个临时文件,用来保存用户信息,以便用户下次继续访问该网站时,网站服务器能识别用户信息,常见的Cookie用来保存用户界面,用户ID等数据。
PHP设置Cookie
我们可以使用PHP的setcookie()在客户端创建cookie,这个函数提供主要的三个参数,cookie名称,值和有效时长。

<&#63;php 
$cookie_val = 'Chrome'; 
setcookie("browser", $cookie_val, time()+3600); 
&#63;> 
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运行以上代码,将会创建一个名称为Chrome的Cookie,并且在客户端保存1个小时,1小时后该cookie信息失效。
PHP接收Cookie
当Cookie创建后,我们很容易就可以获取到cookie值,使用PHP的$_COOKIE,用法如下:

<&#63;php 
if(isset($_COOKIE['browser'])) { 
  echo '您的浏览器是:' . $_COOKIE['browser']; 
} 
&#63;> 
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PHP删除Cookie
如果你想彻底在你的机器上删除保存的cookie信息,可以使用以下代码:

<&#63;php 
setcookie("browser", "", time()-3600); 
&#63;> 
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以上代码将名称为browser的cookie清空,并将有效期设置到1小时前,完全清空了cookie信息。
本文从初学者角度考虑,讲解了PHP入门级的知识:Session和Cookie的应用,我们不必去深究其原理,只要会用就行。

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