实例详解PHP中Hash算法Times33算法的用法
最近看书,里面提到了一些Hash算法。比较有印象的是Times33,当时理解不是很透测,今天写了段程序来验证了一下。
代码如下:
<?php /** * CRC32 Hash function * @param $str * @return int */ function hash32($str) { return crc32($str) >> 16 & 0x7FFFFFFF; } /** * Times33 Hash function * @param $str * @return int */ function hash33($str) { $hash = 0; for($i=0; $i<strlen($str); $i++) { $hash += 33 * $hash + ord($str{$i}); } return $hash & 0x7FFFFFFF; } $n = 10; // Test Case 1 $stat = array(); for($i=0; $i<10000; $i++){ $str = substr(md5(microtime(true)), 0, 8); $p = hash32($str) % $n; if(isset($stat[$p])){ $stat[$p]++; }else{ $stat[$p] = 1; } } print_r($stat); // Test Case 2 $stat = array(); for($i=0; $i<10000; $i++){ $str = substr(md5(microtime(true)), 0, 8); $p = hash33($str) % $n; if(isset($stat[$p])){ $stat[$p]++; }else{ $stat[$p] = 1; } } print_r($stat);
以上有两个测试用例。第一个,用CRC32的方法;第二个是Times33的算法实现。
效果:
结果分布,两种算法不相上下(估计是数据源的问题,md5只有0-f)。也有文章说CRC32的分布更均匀(参考链接:)
但耗费时间,CRC32比Times33快将近一倍。
为什么是33?
即是素数(质数),也是奇数。除了33,还有131, 1313, 5381等。PHP内置的Hash函数用的是5381,在“鸟哥”的一篇博文中也有提到。
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