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PHP中的traits简单使用实例,phptraits实例
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PHP中的traits简单使用实例,phptraits实例

Jun 13, 2016 am 09:04 AM
php thinkphp traits

PHP中的traits简单使用实例,phptraits实例

PHP 5.4中的traits,是新引入的特性,中文还真不知道如何准确翻译好。其实际的目的,是为了有的场合想用多继承,但PHP又没多继承,于是就发明了这样的一个东西。
       Traits可以理解为一组能被不同的类都能调用到的方法集合,但Traits不是类!不能被实例化。先来例子看下语法:

<&#63;php
trait myTrait{
  function traitMethod1(){}
  function traitMethod2(){}

}

//然后是调用这个traits,语法为:
class myClass{
  use myTrait;
}

//这样就可以通过use myTraits,调用Traits中的方法了,比如:
$obj = new myClass();
$obj-> traitMethod1 ();
$obj-> traitMethod2 (); 
>
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  接下来,我们探究下为什么要用traits,举个例子,比如有两个类,分别为business(商务者)和Individual(个人),它们都有地址的属性,传统的做法是,再抽象出一个这两个类都共同有特性的父类,比如client,在client类中设置访问属性address,business和individual分别继承之,如下代码:

// Class Client 
class Client { 
  private $address; 
  public getAddress() { 
    return $this->address; 
  }    
  public setAddress($address) { 
    $this->address = $address;  
  } 
} 
   
class Business extends Client{ 
  //这里可以使用address属性 
} 

// Class Individual 
class Individual extends Client{ 
//这里可以使用address属性 
} 
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  但假如又有一个叫order类的,需要访问同样的地址属性,那怎么办呢?order类是没办法继承client类的,因为这个不符合OOP的原则。这个时候traits就派上用场了,可以定义一个traits,用来定义这些公共属性。

// Trait Address
trait Address{
  private $address;
  public getAddress() {
    eturn $this->address;
  }
  public setAddress($address) {
    $this->address = $address;
  }
}
// Class Business
class Business{
  use Address;
  // 这里可以使用address属性
}
// Class Individual
class Individual{
  use Address;
  //这里可以使用address属性
}
// Class Order
class Order{
  use Address;
  //这里可以使用address属性
}   
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这样就方便多了!

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