PHP大神的十大优良习惯,php大神十大
PHP大神的十大优良习惯,php大神十大
概述:通往PHP大神的道路上,应该保持优良的传统和习惯。
1、多阅读手册和源代码
没什么比阅读手册更值得强调的事了–仅仅通过阅读手册你就可以学习到很多东西,特别是很多有关于字符串和数组的函数。就在这些函数里面包括许多有用的功能,如果你仔细阅读手册,你会经常发现在以往的项目开发过程中,很多时候你在“重复发明轮子”,而实际上你只需要一个核心函数就可以完成相应的功能。手册是你的朋友。另外,现在有很多使用PHP开发的开源程序。为什么不去学习和借鉴呢?下载一份开源的PHP应用程序的源代码,仔细阅读它吧。也许越大的项目越值得去阅读,虽然它们也许有更复杂的结构和系统,但也有更详细的解释文档。
2、编写模块化代码
良好的PHP代码应该是模块化的代码。PHP的面向对象的编程功能是一些特别强大的工具,可以把你的应用程序分解成函数或方法。你应该尽可能多的从你的应用程序的服务器端分开前端的HTML/CSS/JavaScript代码,你也可以在任何PHP框架上遵循MVC(模型-视图-控制器)模式。
3、代码编写规范
良好的PHP代码应该有一套完整的代码编写规范。通过对变量和函数的命名,统一的方法访问数据库和对错误的处理,以及同样的代码缩进方式等来达到编程规范,这样可以使你的代码更具可读性。
4、编写可移植代码
良好的PHP代码应该是可移植的。你可以使用php的现有功能,如魔术引号和短标签。试着了解你的需求,然后通过适应PHP特性来编写代码让代码独立、可移植。
5、编写安全代码
良好的PHP代码应该是安全的。PHP5提供了出色的性能和灵活性。但是安全问题完全在于开发人员。对于一个专业的PHP开发人员来说,深入理解重大安全漏洞是至关重要的,如:跨站点脚本(XSS)、跨站请求伪造(CSRF)、代码注入漏洞、字符编码漏洞。通过使用PHP的特殊功能和函数,如:mysql_real_escape_string等等,你可以编写出安全的代码。
6、代码注释
代码注释是代码的重要组成部分。通过代码注释可以知道该变量或函数是做什么的,这将在今后的代码维护中十分有用。
7、使用单引号代替双引号
字符串始终使用单引号代替双引号,以避免PHP搜索字符串内的变量导致的性能下降。用单引号代替双引号来包含字符串,这样做会更快一些。因为PHP会在双引号包围的字符串中搜寻变量,单引号则不会
8、转义字符串输出
使用ENT_QUOTES作参数传递给htmlspecialchars函数,以确保单引号(')也转换成HTML实体,这是一个好习惯。
9、使用逗号分隔字符串输出
通过echo语句输出使用逗号(,)分隔的字符串,要比使用字符串连接操作符(.)的性能更好。
10、输出前检查传来的值
输出前检查传过来的值$_GET['query']。使用isset或empty函数,可以用来检查变量是否为null值。

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