php实现MySQL数据库备份与还原类实例,mysql数据库备份
php实现MySQL数据库备份与还原类实例,mysql数据库备份
本文实例讲述了php实现MySQL数据库备份与还原类。分享给大家供大家参考。具体分析如下:
这是一个非常简单的利用php来备份mysql数据库的类文件,我们只要简单的在dbmange中配置好连接地址用户名与数据库即可,下面我们一起来看这个例子,代码如下:
复制代码 代码如下:
/**
* 创建时间: 2012年5月21日
*
* 说明:分卷文件是以_v1.sql为结尾(20120522021241_all_v1.sql)
* 功能:实现mysql数据库分卷备份,选择表进行备份,实现单个sql文件及分卷sql导入
* 使用方法:
*
* ------1. 数据库备份(导出)------------------------------------------------------------
//分别是主机,用户名,密码,数据库名,数据库编码
$db = new DBManage ( 'localhost', 'root', 'root', 'test', 'utf8' );
// 参数:备份哪个表(可选),备份目录(可选,默认为backup),分卷大小(可选,默认2000,即2M)
$db->backup ();
* ------2. 数据库恢复(导入)------------------------------------------------------------
//分别是主机,用户名,密码,数据库名,数据库编码
$db = new DBManage ( 'localhost', 'root', 'root', 'test', 'utf8' );
//参数:sql文件
$db->restore ( './backup/20120516211738_all_v1.sql');
*----------------------------------------------------------------------
*/
class DBManage
{
var $db; // 数据库连接
var $database; // 所用数据库
var $sqldir; // 数据库备份文件夹
var $record;
// 换行符
private $ds = "n";
// 存储SQL的变量
public $sqlContent = "";
// 每条sql语句的结尾符
public $sqlEnd = ";";
/**
* 初始化
*
* @param string $host
* @param string $username
* @param string $password
* @param string $thisatabase
* @param string $charset
*/
function __construct($host = 'localhost', $username = 'root', $password = '', $thisatabase = 'test', $charset = 'utf8')
{
$this->host = $host;
$this->username = $username;
$this->password = $password;
$this->database = $thisatabase;
$this->charset = $charset;
// 连接数据库
$this->db = mysql_connect ( $this->host, $this->username, $this->password ) or die ( "数据库连接失败." );
// 选择使用哪个数据库
mysql_select_db ( $this->database, $this->db ) or die ( "无法打开数据库" );
// 数据库编码方式
mysql_query ( 'SET NAMES ' . $this->charset, $this->db );
}
/*
* ------------------------------------------数据库备份start----------------------------------------------------------
*/
/**
* 数据库备份
* 参数:备份哪个表(可选),备份目录(可选,默认为backup),分卷大小(可选,默认2000,即2M)
*
* @param $string $dir
* @param int $size
* @param $string $tablename
*/
function backup($tablename = '', $dir = '', $size = 2000)
{
//$dir = $dir ? $dir : 'backup/';
//$size = $size ? $size : 2000;
$sql = '';
// 只备份某个表
if (! emptyempty ( $tablename ))
{
echo '正在备份表' . $tablename . '
';
// 插入dump信息
$sql = $this->_retrieve();
// 插入表结构信息
$sql .= $this->_insert_table_structure ( $tablename );
// 插入数据
$data = mysql_query ( "select * from " . $tablename );
// 文件名前面部分
$filename = date ( 'YmdHis' ) . "_" . $tablename;
// 字段数量
$num_fields = mysql_num_fields ( $data );
// 第几分卷
$p = 1;
// 循环每条记录
while ( $record = mysql_fetch_array ( $data ) )
{
// 单条记录
$sql .= $this->_insert_record ( $tablename, $num_fields, $record );
// 如果大于分卷大小,则写入文件
if (strlen ( $sql ) >= $size * 1000)
{
$file = $filename . "_v" . $p . ".sql";
if ($this->_write_file ( $sql, $file, $dir ))
{
echo "表-" . $tablename . "-卷-" . $p . "-数据备份完成,生成备份文件 $dir$filename
";
}
else
{
echo "备份表-" . $tablename . "-失败
";
}
// 下一个分卷
$p ++;
// 重置$sql变量为空,重新计算该变量大小
$sql = "";
}
}
// sql大小不够分卷大小
if ($sql != "")
{
$filename .= "_v" . $p . ".sql";
if ($this->_write_file ( $sql, $filename, $dir ))
{
echo "表-" . $tablename . "-卷-" . $p . "-数据备份完成,生成备份文件 $dir$filename
";
}
else
{
echo "备份卷-" . $p . "-失败
";
}
}
}
else
{ // 备份全部表
if ($tables = mysql_query ( "show table status from " . $this->database ))
{
echo "读取数据库结构成功!
";
}
else
{
exit ( "读取数据库结构成功!
" );
}
// 插入dump信息
$sql .= $this->_retrieve();
// 文件名前面部分
$filename = date ( 'YmdHis' ) . "_all";
// 查出所有表
$tables = mysql_query ( 'SHOW TABLES' );
// 第几分卷
$p = 1;
// 循环所有表
while ( $table = mysql_fetch_array ( $tables ) )
{
// 获取表名
$tablename = $table [0];
// 获取表结构
$sql .= $this->_insert_table_structure ( $tablename );
$data = mysql_query ( "select * from " . $tablename );
$num_fields = mysql_num_fields ( $data );
// 循环每条记录
while ( $record = mysql_fetch_array ( $data ) )
{
// 单条记录
$sql .= $this->_insert_record ( $tablename, $num_fields, $record );
// 如果大于分卷大小,则写入文件
if (strlen ( $sql ) >= $size * 1000)
{
$file = $filename . "_v" . $p . ".sql";
// 写入文件
if ($this->_write_file ( $sql, $file, $dir ))
{
echo "-卷-" . $p . "-数据备份完成,生成备份文件$dir$file
";
}
else
{
echo "备份卷-" . $p . "-失败
";
}
// 下一个分卷
$p ++;
// 重置$sql变量为空,重新计算该变量大小
$sql = "";
}
}
}
// sql大小不够分卷大小
if ($sql != "")
{
$filename .= "_v" . $p . ".sql";
if ($this->_write_file ( $sql, $filename, $dir ))
{
echo "-卷-" . $p . "-数据备份完成,生成备份文件 $dir$filename
";
}
else
{
echo "备份卷-" . $p . "-失败
";
}
}
}
}
/**
* 插入数据库备份基础信息
*
* @return string
*/
private function _retrieve() {
$value = '';
$value .= '--' . $this->ds;
$value .= '-- MySQL database dump' . $this->ds;
$value .= '-- Created by DBManage class, Power By yanue. ' . $this->ds;
$value .= '-- http://yanue.net ' . $this->ds;
$value .= '--' . $this->ds;
$value .= '-- 主机: ' . $this->host . $this->ds;
$value .= '-- 生成日期: ' . date ( 'Y' ) . ' 年 ' . date ( 'm' ) . ' 月 ' . date ( 'd' ) . ' 日 ' . date ( 'H:i' ) . $this->ds;
$value .= '-- MySQL版本: ' . mysql_get_server_info () . $this->ds;
$value .= '-- PHP 版本: ' . phpversion () . $this->ds;
$value .= $this->ds;
$value .= '--' . $this->ds;
$value .= '-- 数据库: `' . $this->database . '`' . $this->ds;
$value .= '--' . $this->ds . $this->ds;
$value .= '-- -------------------------------------------------------';
$value .= $this->ds . $this->ds;
return $value;
}
/**
* 插入表结构
*
* @param unknown_type $table
* @return string
*/
private function _insert_table_structure($table) {
$sql = '';
$sql .= "--" . $this->ds;
$sql .= "-- 表的结构" . $table . $this->ds;
$sql .= "--" . $this->ds . $this->ds;
// 如果存在则删除表
$sql .= "DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `" . $table . '`' . $this->sqlEnd . $this->ds;
// 获取详细表信息
$res = mysql_query ( 'SHOW CREATE TABLE `' . $table . '`' );
$row = mysql_fetch_array ( $res );
$sql .= $row [1];
$sql .= $this->sqlEnd . $this->ds;
// 加上
$sql .= $this->ds;
$sql .= "--" . $this->ds;
$sql .= "-- 转存表中的数据 " . $table . $this->ds;
$sql .= "--" . $this->ds;
$sql .= $this->ds;
return $sql;
}
/**
* 插入单条记录
*
* @param string $table
* @param int $num_fields
* @param array $record
* @return string
*/
private function _insert_record($table, $num_fields, $record) {
// sql字段逗号分割
$insert = $comma = "";
$insert .= "INSERT INTO `" . $table . "` VALUES(";
// 循环每个子段下面的内容
for($i = 0; $i
$insert .= ($comma . "'" .mysql_real_escape_string ( $record [$i] ) . "'");
$comma = ",";
}
$insert .= ");" . $this->ds;
return $insert;
}
/**
* 写入文件
*
* @param string $sql
* @param string $filename
* @param string $dir
* @return boolean
*/
private function _write_file($sql, $filename, $dir) {
$dir = $dir ? $dir : './backup/';
// 不存在文件夹则创建
if (! file_exists ( $dir )) {
mkdir ( $dir );
}
$re = true;
if (! @$fp = fopen ( $dir . $filename, "w+" )) {
$re = false;
echo "打开文件失败!";
}
if (! @fwrite ( $fp, $sql )) {
$re = false;
echo "写入文件失败,请文件是否可写";
}
if (! @fclose ( $fp )) {
$re = false;
echo "关闭文件失败!";
}
return $re;
}
/*
*
* -------------------------------上:数据库导出-----------分割线----------下:数据库导入--------------------------------
*/
/**
* 导入备份数据
* 说明:分卷文件格式20120516211738_all_v1.sql
* 参数:文件路径(必填)
*
* @param string $sqlfile
*/
function restore($sqlfile)
{
// 检测文件是否存在
if (! file_exists ( $sqlfile ))
{
exit ( "文件不存在!请检查" );
}
$this->lock ( $this->database );
// 获取数据库存储位置
$sqlpath = pathinfo ( $sqlfile );
$this->sqldir = $sqlpath ['dirname'];
// 检测是否包含分卷,将类似20120516211738_all_v1.sql从_v分开,有则说明有分卷
$volume = explode ( "_v", $sqlfile );
$volume_path = $volume [0];
echo "请勿刷新及关闭浏览器以防止程序被中止,如有不慎!将导致数据库结构受损
";
echo "正在导入备份数据,请稍等!
";
if (emptyempty ( $volume [1] ))
{
echo "正在导入sql:" . $sqlfile . '
';
// 没有分卷
if ($this->_import ( $sqlfile )) {
echo "数据库导入成功!";
}
else
{
exit ( '数据库导入失败!' );
}
}
else
{
//$volume_id = array();
// 存在分卷,则获取当前是第几分卷,循环执行余下分卷
$volume_id = explode ( ".sq", $volume [1] );
// 当前分卷为$volume_id
$volume_id = intval ( $volume_id [0] );
while ( $volume_id )
{
$tmpfile = $volume_path . "_v" . $volume_id . ".sql";
// 存在其他分卷,继续执行
if (file_exists ( $tmpfile )) {
// 执行导入方法
echo "正在导入分卷" . $tmpfile . '
';
if ($this->_import ( $tmpfile ))
{
}
else
{
exit ( "导入分卷" . $tmpfile . '失败!可能是数据库结构已损坏!请尝试从分卷1开始导入' );
}
}
else
{
echo "此分卷备份全部导入成功!
";
return;
}
$volume_id++;
}
}
}
/**
* 将sql导入到数据库(普通导入)
*
* @param string $sqlfile
* @return boolean
*/
private function _import($sqlfile) {
// sql文件包含的sql语句数组
$sqls = array ();
$f = fopen ( $sqlfile, "rb" );
// 创建表缓冲变量
$create = '';
while ( ! feof ( $f ) ) {
// 读取每一行sql
$line = fgets ( $f );
// 如果包含'-- '等注释,或为空白行,则跳过
if (trim ( $line ) == '' || preg_match ( '/--*?/', $line, $match )) {
continue;
}
// 如果结尾包含';'(即为一个完整的sql语句,这里是插入语句),并且不包含'ENGINE='(即创建表的最后一句),
if (! preg_match ( '/;/', $line, $match ) || preg_match ( '/ENGINE=/', $line, $match )) {
// 将本次sql语句与创建表sql连接存起来
$create .= $line;
// 如果包含了创建表的最后一句
if (preg_match ( '/ENGINE=/', $create, $match )) {
// 则将其合并到sql数组
$sqls [] = $create;
// 清空当前,准备下一个表的创建
$create = '';
}
// 跳过本次
continue;
}
$sqls [] = $line;
}
fclose ( $f );
// 循环sql语句数组,分别执行
foreach ( $sqls as $sql ) {
str_replace ( "n", "", $sql );
if (! mysql_query ( trim ( $sql ) )) {
echo mysql_error ();
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
/*
* -------------------------------数据库导入end---------------------------------
*/
// 关闭数据库连接
private function close() {
mysql_close ( $this->db );
}
// 锁定数据库,以免备份或导入时出错
private function lock($tablename, $op = "WRITE") {
if (mysql_query ( "lock tables " . $tablename . " " . $op ))
return true;
else
return false;
}
// 解锁
private function unlock() {
if (mysql_query ( "unlock tables" ))
return true;
else
return false;
}
// 析构
function __destruct() {
mysql_query ( "unlock tables", $this->db );
mysql_close ( $this->db );
}
}
$db = new DBManage ( 'localhost', 'root', '', 'tao', 'gbk' );
//$db->backup ('tao_admin');
$db->restore ( './backup/20140228222713_tao_admin_v1.sql');
?>
希望本文所述对大家的PHP程序设计有所帮助。

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