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PHP 魔术方法 __sleep __wakeup(四),__sleep__wakeup
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PHP 魔术方法 __sleep __wakeup(四),__sleep__wakeup

Jun 13, 2016 am 09:20 AM
php sleep method magic

PHP 魔术方法 __sleep __wakeup(四),__sleep__wakeup

串行化serialize可以把变量包括对象,转化成连续bytes数据. 你可以将串行化后的变量存在一个文件里或在网络上传输. 然后再反串行化还原为原来的数据. 你在反串行化类的对象之前定义的类,PHP可以成功地存储其对象的属性和方法. 有时你可能需要一个对象在反串行化后立即执行. 为了这样的目的,PHP会自动寻找__sleep和__wakeup方法.

 

当一个对象被串行化,PHP会调用__sleep方法(如果存在的话). 在反串行化一个对象后,PHP 会调用__wakeup方法. 这两个方法都不接受参数. __sleep方法必须返回一个数组,包含需要串行化的属性. PHP会抛弃其它属性的值. 如果没有__sleep方法,PHP将保存所有属性.


在程序执行前,serialize() 函数会首先检查是否存在一个魔术方法 __sleep.如果存在,__sleep()方法会先被调用, 然后才执行串行化(序列化)操作。这个功能可以用于清理对象,并返回一个包含对象中所有变量名称的数组。如果该方法不返回任何内容,则NULL被序列化,导致 一个E_NOTICE错误。与之相反,unserialize()会检查是否存在一个__wakeup方法。如果存在,则会先调用 __wakeup方法,预先准备对象数据。

 

__sleep方法常用于提交未提交的数据,或类似的操作。同时,如果你有一些很大的对象, 不需要保存,这个功能就很好用。__wakeup经常用在反序列化操作中,例如重新建立数据库连接,或执行其它初始化操作。

<?php
class Connection {
    protected $link;
    private $server, $username, $password, $db;
    
    public function __construct($server, $username, $password, $db)
    {
        $this->server = $server;
        $this->username = $username;
        $this->password = $password;
        $this->db = $db;
        $this->connect();
    }
    
    private function connect()
    {
        $this->link = mysql_connect($this->server, $this->username, $this->password);
        mysql_select_db($this->db, $this->link);
    }
    
    public function __sleep()
    {
        return array('server', 'username', 'password', 'db');
    }
    
    public function __wakeup()
    {
        $this->connect();
    }
}
?>
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下面例子显示了如何用__sleep和 __wakeup方法来串行化一个对象. Id属性是一个不打算保留在对象中的临时属性. __sleep方法保证在串行化的对象中不包含id属性. 当反串行化一个User对象,__wakeup方法建立id属性的新值. 这个例子被设计成自我保持. 在实际开发中,你可能发现包含资源(如图像或数据流)的对象需要这些方法。

 <?php
class user {
    public $name;
    public $id;
    
    function __construct() {    // 给id成员赋一个uniq id 
        $this->id = uniqid();
        }
        
    function __sleep() {       //此处不串行化id成员
        return(array('name'));
        }
        
    function __wakeup() {
        $this->id = uniqid();
        }
    }

$u = new user();

$u->name = "Leo"; 

$s = serialize($u); //serialize串行化对象u,此处不串行化id属性,id值被抛弃

$u2 = unserialize($s); //unserialize反串行化,id值被重新赋值

 

//对象u和u2有不同的id赋值

print_r($u);

print_r($u2);

?>
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例三:__wakeup方法的一个缺陷需要注意,如果你打算unserialize一个对象,你

 <?php 
class A { 
 public $b; 
 public $name; 
} 

class B extends A { 
 public $parent; 
 public function __wakeup() { 
  var_dump($parent->name); 
 } 
} 

$a = new A(); 
$a->name = "foo"; 
$a->b = new B(); 

//我们期望这里输出:foo,但实际在后面的代码执行之后,实际输出NULL.

$a->b->parent = $a; 
$s = serialize($a); 
$a = unserialize($s); 
?> 
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原因: $b 对象在$name之前unserialized了. 所以在B::__wakeup执行时, $a->name还没有被赋值

所以,一定要小心你定义类中变量的执行顺序。

 

原文地址:http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_758ddcb90100yk05.html

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