高性能PHP框架Symfony2经典入门教程，symfony2入门教程
高性能PHP框架Symfony2经典入门教程，symfony2入门教程
Symfony2是一个基于PHP语言的Web开发框架，有着开发速度快、性能高等特点。本文以一个程序示例的实现过程详细叙述了Symfony2框架的配置与程序开发。
一、下载
首先是下载Symfony2，到 http://symfony.com/download或者本站下载http://www.bkjia.com/codes/187833.html。本人以Ubuntu系统为例，采用.tgz的压缩包，解压源文件到/var/www目录中并执行：
tar zxvf Symfony_Standard_Vendors_2.0.###.tgz -C /var/www
上面的###是指版本号，我下的时候是BETA5。
当解压之后，Symfony2的目录如下：
/var/www/ <- Web根目录 Symfony/ <- Symfony2解压目录 app/ <- 存放symfony的核心文件的目录 cache/ <- 存放缓存文件的目录 config/ <- 存放应用程序全局配置的目录 logs/ <- 存放日志的目录 src/ <- 应用程序源代码 ... vendor/ <- 供应商或第三方的模组和插件 ... web/ <- Web入口 app.php <- 生产环境下的前端控制器 ...
如果你需要安装(如果你下载的是without vendor版本)或更新vendor(第三方)内容时，可以使用：
cd /var/www/Symfony php bin/vendors install
二、配置
Symfony2的配置很简单，只需要在浏览器中输入：
http://localhost/Symfony/web/config.php
然后按照提示来进行就可以了。其中值得注意的就是app/cache和app/logs目录的权限问题，由于我是在Ubuntu下安装的，所以可以使用(其中firehare是我的用户名，大家在这里可以用你的用户名代替)：
#为了保险起见 rm -rf app/cache/* rm -rf app/logs/* #设置ACL sudo setfacl -R -m u:www-data:rwx -m u:firehare:rwx app/cache app/logs sudo setfacl -dR -m u:www-data:rwx -m u:firehare:rwx app/cache app/logs
如果系统不支持setfacl命令的话，要检查2个地方：
setfacl是否已经安装，如果没有的话，可以通过以下命令安装(在Ubuntu 11.10中好象已经缺省安装了，包为叫acl)：
sudo apt-get install setfacl
如果setfacl已经安装，那么请查看/etc/fstab文件，看看是否添加了acl选项：
# /var was on /dev/sda7 during installation UUID=c2cc4104-b421-479a-b21a-1108f8895110 /var ext4 defaults,acl 0 2
然后根据页面提示填写数据库名等信息，再将这些信息拷到/var/www/Symfony/app/config/parameters.ini文件中，如下所示：
; These parameters can be imported into other config files ; by enclosing the key with % (like %database_user%) ; Comments start with ';', as in php.ini [parameters] database_driver="pdo_mysql" database_host="localhost" database_name="symfony" database_user="symfony" database_password="symfony" mailer_transport="smtp" mailer_host="localhost" mailer_user="" mailer_password="" locale="zh_CN" secret="29f96e9e70c2797cb77dd088d3954d3c38d9b33f"
如果全部OK的话，在你浏览器中输入下列地址时，你将得到一个Demo页：
http://localhost/Symfony/web/app_dev.php
三、程序示例：
1.创建Bundle：
首先创建一个Bundle：
php app/console gen:bundle "AcmeHelloBundle" src
为了确保Acme名称空间可以被自动加载，请在你的app/autoload.php文件添加下列语句：
$loader->registerNamespaces(array(
// ...
//添加自定义的名称空间
'Acme' => __DIR__.'/../src',
// ...
));
最后是将该Bundle注册到Symfony2中，请在你的app/AppKernel.php文件中添加下列语句：
// app/AppKernel.php
public function registerBundles()
{
$bundles = array(
// ...
new AcmeHelloBundleAcmeHelloBundle(),
);
// ...
return $bundles;
}
2.创建路由
路由可以创建在app/config/routing.yml中，但为了有个好的编程习惯和代码组织，可以将它放在所建Bundle目录中的Resources/config/routing.yml中，而在app/config/routing.yml中只保留到该路由文件的引用，如下所示：
# app/config/routing.yml
homepage:
pattern: /
defaults: { _controller: FrameworkBundle:Default:index }
hello:
resource: "@AcmeHelloBundle/Resources/config/routing.yml"
而真正的路由则写在src/Acme/HelloBundle/Resources/config/routing.yml路由文件中，如下所示：
# src/Acme/HelloBundle/Resources/config/routing.yml
hello:
pattern: /hello/{name}
defaults: { _controller: AcmeHelloBundle:Hello:index, name:'pu' }
3.创建控制器：
控制器的名字一定得是HelloController.php，原因很简单，因为你路由已经把控制器的名字给定下来了，在上面路由文件中的第4行和第7行中的控制器都是以AcmeHelloBundle:Hello开头的，其中AcmeHelloBundle表示Bundle名，而Hello则表示控制器名，所以控制器必须是HelloController.php，Controller名缀是命名约定。而至于后面的index和say则是控制器类中的方法。下面就定义了index方法，当然方法名为indexAction这个也是命名约定：
// src/Acme/HelloBundle/Controller/HelloController.php
namespace AcmeHelloBundleController;
use SymfonyComponentHttpFoundationResponse;
class HelloController
{
public function indexAction($name)
{
return new Response('<html><body>Hello '.$name.'!</body></html>');
}
}
这样，当我们在浏览器中输入
http://localhost/hello/index/World
就会显示Hello World!这样的字样。
4.创建模板：
为了能够重用布局文件中的区块，可以使用模板来代替控制器中的HTML语句。首先创建页面布局文件：
{# app/Resources/views/layout.html.twig #}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>{% block title %}Hello Application{% endblock %}</title>
</head>
<body>
{% block body %}{% endblock %}
</body>
</html>
注意，该文件位于app/Resources/views/目录中，作用范围是整个应用程序的全局模板文件。在该文件中定义了两个区块：title和body。接下来就是创建一个专用于Hello控制器的模板，如下所示：
{# src/Acme/HelloBundle/Resources/views/Hello/index.html.twig #}
{% extends '::layout.html.twig' %}
{% block body %}
Hello {{ name }}!
{% endblock %}
在该文件中，它继承了全局模板，并且定义了区块body，这样就覆写了全局模板中的body区块。如果系统在渲染到该模板时，会将区块body覆写全局模板的区块body，再进行渲染。
最后，将控制器中的HTML语句改成渲染上述模板即可：
// src/Acme/HelloBundle/Controller/HelloController.php
namespace AcmeHelloBundleController;
use SymfonyBundleFrameworkBundleControllerController;
class HelloController extends Controller
{
public function indexAction($name)
{
return $this->render('AcmeHelloBundle:Hello:index.html.twig', array('name' => $name));
}
}
现在主流使用织梦 和帝国CMS
我个人比较倾向帝国CMS
php框架 初学者建议你使用集成环境一键安装 PHPNOW或者APMServ
自己电脑没必要搞的太复杂
既然是大项目，建议不用框架，要是用可以考虑zendframework,thinkphp,同时说明一下smarty不属于框架,建议用smarty作为你开发的模板处理机制
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