PHP不用递归遍历目录下所有文件的代码
实现代码:
/** * PHP 非递归实现查询该目录下所有文件 * @param unknown $dir * @return multitype:|multitype:string */ function scanfiles($dir) { if (! is_dir ( $dir )) return array (); // 兼容各操作系统 $dir = rtrim ( str_replace ( '\\', '/', $dir ), '/' ) . '/'; // 栈,默认值为传入的目录 $dirs = array ( $dir ); // 放置所有文件的容器 $rt = array (); do { // 弹栈 $dir = array_pop ( $dirs ); // 扫描该目录 $tmp = scandir ( $dir ); foreach ( $tmp as $f ) { // 过滤. .. if ($f == '.' || $f == '..') continue; // 组合当前绝对路径 $path = $dir . $f; // 如果是目录,压栈。 if (is_dir ( $path )) { array_push ( $dirs, $path . '/' ); } else if (is_file ( $path )) { // 如果是文件,放入容器中 $rt [] = $path; } } } while ( $dirs ); // 直到栈中没有目录 return $rt; }
附另一篇:不用递归遍历目录下的文件
如果要遍历某个目录下的所有文件(包括子目录),最首先想到的思路就是用递归:先处理当前目录,再处理当前目录下的子目录。不用递归可不可以呢?以前学数据结构的时候看到过,递归其实是利用堆栈来实现的,递归的特点就是不断的调用自身,最后一次的调用是最先执行完的,倒数第二次调用是其次执行完的,依次类推,最初的调用是最后执行完的。如果理解了递归的原理,其实就可以把所有用递归的实现转化为非递归的实现。
用非递归方式遍历某个目录下的所有文件,思路主要分三步:
1. 创建一个数组,将要遍历的这个目录放入;(其实就是创建了一个栈)
2. 循环处理这个数组,循环结束的条件是数组为空;
3. 每次循环,处理数组中的一个元素,并将元素删除,如果这个元素是目录,则将目录下所有的子元素加入数组;
按照这种思路写出的代码如下:
/** * 遍历某个目录下的所有文件 * @param string $dir */ function scanAll($dir) { $list = array(); $list[] = $dir; while (count($list) > 0) { //弹出数组最后一个元素 $file = array_pop($list); //处理当前文件 echo $file."\r\n"; //如果是目录 if (is_dir($file)) { $children = scandir($file); foreach ($children as $child) { if ($child !== '.' && $child !== '..') { $list[] = $file.'/'.$child; } } } } }
这里我并没有认为递归有多大的缺点,事实上很多情况下,用递归来设计还是非常简洁可读的,至于效率问题,除非在递归深度特别大的时候,才会有影响。
以下是用递归的实现,作为对比:
/** * 遍历某个目录下的所有文件(递归实现) * @param string $dir */ function scanAll2($dir) { echo $dir."\r\n"; if (is_dir($dir)) { $children = scandir($dir); foreach ($children as $child) { if ($child !== '.' && $child !== '..') { scanAll2($dir.'/'.$child); } } } }
运行发现,两个函数的结果略有不同,主要表现在打印的顺序上。函数一运行结果的顺序是倒着的,是因为压栈的顺序正好和scandir出来的顺序相反了,可以将第21行改一下:
$children = array_reverse(scandir($file));
这样出来结果就完全相同了。

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