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php页面各种编码设置

Jun 13, 2016 am 09:35 AM
header php No function definition Notice of coding set up page

   php的header()函数用来定义一个php页面的编码(注意:前面不能有任何输出,否则报错)

  php页面为utf8编码:header("Content-type: text/html; charset=UTF-8");

  php页面为gbk编码:header("Content-type: text/html; charset=GBK");

  用header或meta实现PHP页面编码的区别

  一、页面编码

  1. 使用 标签设置页面编码

  这个标签的作用是声明客户端的浏览器用什么字符集编码显示该页面,xxx可以为GB2312,GBK,UTF-8(和MySQL不同,MySQL是 UTF8)等等。因此,大部分页面可以采用这种方式来告诉浏览器显示这个页面的时候采用什么编码,这样才不会造成编码错误而产生乱码。但是有的时候我们会 发现有了这句还是不行,不管xxx是哪一种,浏览器采用的始终都是一种编码,这个情况我后面会谈到。

  请注意, 是属于html信息的,仅仅是一个声明,它起作用表明服务器已经把HTML信息传到了浏览器。

  2. 使用 header("content-type:text/html; charset=UTF-8"); 函数设置页面编码

  这个函数header()的作用是把括号里面的信息发到http标头。

  如果括号里面的内容为文中所说那样,那作用和 标签基本相同,大家对照第一个看发现字符都差不多的。但是不同的是如果有这段 函数,浏览器就会永远采用你所要求的xxx编码,绝对不会不听话,因此这个函数是很有用的。

  为什么会这样呢?那就得说说HTTPS标头和HTML信息的差别了:

  https标头是服务器以HTTP协议传送HTML信息到浏览器前所送出的字串。

  因为meta标签是属于html信息的,所以header()发送的内容先到达浏览器,通俗点就是header()的优先级高于meta。加入一个php页面既有header("content-type:text/html; charset=xxx"),又有,浏览器就只认前者http标头而不认meta了。当然这个函数只能在php页面内使用。

  前面不能有任何输出,一个空格也不行否则报错:

  Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at C:\wamp\www\test.php:2) in C:\wamp\www\test.php on line 3

  二、数据库编码

  PHP 程序在查询数据库之前,首先执行 mysql_query(“SET NAMES xxxx”);其中 xxxx 是你网页的编码(charset=xxxx),如果网页中 charset=utf8,则 xxxx=utf8,如果网页中 charset=gb2312,则xxxx=gb2312,几乎所有WEB程序,都有一段连接数据库的公共代码,放在一个文件里,在这文件里,加入 mysql_query(“set names”)就可以了。

  SET NAMES 显示客户端发送的 SQL 语句中使用什么字符集。因此,SET NAMES 'utf-8'语句告诉服务器“将来从这个客户端传来的信息采用字符集utf-8”。它还为服务器发送回客户端的结果指定了字符集。(例如,如果你使用一 个SELECT语句,它表示列值使用了什么字符集。)

  三、PHP页面编码统一

  MySQL数据库编码、html页面编码、PHP或html文件本身编码要全部一致。

  1、MySQL数据库编码:建立数据库时指定编码(如gbk_chinese_ci),建立数据表、建立字段、插入数据时不要指定编码,会自动继承数据库的编码。

  数据库连接时,也有编码,可以在连接完数据库后,执行mysql_query('SET NAMES gbk');//将gbk换成你的编码,如utf8。

  2、html页面的编码,指的是这一行的设置:

  

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