PHP函数补完:empty()
关于 empty()
empty() 用于检查一个变量是否为空。如果变量是非空或非零的值,则 empty() 返回 FALSE。换句话说,""、0、"0"、NULL、FALSE、array()、var $var; 以及没有任何属性的对象都将被认为是空的,如果 var 为空,则返回 TRUE。
empty() 与 isset() 的一个简单比较。
<?php $var = 0; // 结果为 true,因为 $var 为空 // 结果为 true,因为 $var =0 if (empty($var)) { echo '$var is either 0 or not set at all'; } //结果为false, 因为$var已经设置了 if (!isset($var)) { echo '$var is not set at all'; } ?>
由于这是一个语言结构而非函数,因此它无法被变量函数调用。
empty() 只检测变量,检测任何非变量的东西都将导致解析错误。换句话说,后边的语句将不会起作用: empty(addslashes($name))。
empty 判断一个变量是否为“空”,isset 判断一个变量是否已经设置。正是这种所谓的“顾名思义”,令我开始时走了些弯路:当一个变量值等于0时,empty()也会成立(True),因而会发生一些意外。原来,empty 和 isset 虽然都是变量处理函数,它们都用来判断变量是否已经配置,它们却是有一定的区别:empty还会检测变量是否为空、为零。当一个变量值为0,empty 认为这个变量同等于空,即相当于没有设置。
比如检测 $id 变量,当 $id=0 时,用empty 和 isset 来检测变量 $id 是否已经配置,两都将返回不同的值—— empty 认为没有配置,isset 能够取得 $id 的值:
测试代码
<?php $id = 0; empty($id) ? print '变量 $id 为空.' : print '$id'.'的值为 '."$id"; print "<br>"; !isset($id) ? print "It's empty .":print '$id'." 的值为 $id ."; ?>
程序运行结果:
变量 $id 为空.
$id 的值为 0 .
这意味着,我们在使用变量处理函数时,当该变量可能出现0的值,使用 empty 要小心,这个时候用 isset 取代它更明智一些。
当一个php页面的 URL 尾部参数出现 id=0 时(比如:test.php?id=0),试比较:
if(empty($id)) $id=1; // 若 id=0 ,id 也会为1 if(!isset($id)) $id=1; // 若 id=0 ,id 不会为1
可分开运行以下代码检测上述推断:
if(empty($id)) $id=1; print $id; // 得到 1
if(!isset($id)) $id=1; print $id; //得到 0

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