Table of Contents
目录操作
新建文件
读文件
写文件
复制,删除文件
获取文件属性
Home php教程 php手册 PHP目录和文件的操作

PHP目录和文件的操作

Jun 13, 2016 am 09:38 AM
php Directory operations

目录操作

首先是从目录读取的函数,opendir(),readdir(),closedir(),使用的时候是先打开文件句柄,而后迭代列出:

<?php
$base_dir="filelist/";
$fso=opendir($base_dir);
echo  $base_dir."<hr/>";
while($flist=readdir($fso)){
      echo $flist."<br/>";
}
closedir($fso)
?>
Copy after login

这是讲返回文件目录下面的文件已经目录的程序(0文件将返回false)。

有时候需要知道目录的信息,可以使用dirname($path)和basename($path),分别返回路径的目录部分和文件名名称部分,可用disk_free_space($path)返回查看空间剩余空间。

创建命令:

  • mkdir($path,0777):0777是权限码,在非window下可用umask()函数设置。
  • rmdir($path):将删除路径在$path的文件。

新建文件

首先,确定你所要新建文件所在的目录权限,建议设备为777。然后,新建文件的名称建议使用绝对路径。

<?php
$filename="test.txt";
$fp=fopen("$filename", "w+"); //打开文件指针,创建文件
if ( !is_writable($filename) ){
      die("文件:" .$filename. "不可写,请检查!");
}
//fwrite($filename, "anything you want to write to $filename.";
fclose($fp);  //关闭指针
?>
Copy after login

读文件

首先是一个文件看能不能读取(权限问题),或者存在不,我们可以用is_readable函数获取信息:

<?php
$file = 'dirlist.php';
if (is_readable($file) == false) {
        die('文件不存在或者无法读取');
} else {
        echo '存在';
}
?>
Copy after login

判断文件存在的函数还有file_exists(下面演示),但是这个显然无is_readable全面,当一个文件存在的话可以用:

<?php
$file = "filelist.php";
if (file_exists($file) == false) {
        die('文件不存在');
}
$data = file_get_contents($file);
echo htmlentities($data);
?>
Copy after login

但是file_get_contents函数在较低版本上不支持,可以先创建文件的一个句柄,然后用指针读取全部:

还有一种方式,可以读取二进制的文件:

$data = implode('', file($file));

写文件

和读取文件的方式一样,先看看是不是能写:

<?php
$file = 'dirlist.php';
if (is_writable($file) == false) {
        die("You have no right to write!");
}
?>
Copy after login

能写了的话可以使用file_put_contents函数写入:

<?php
$file = 'dirlist.php';
if (is_writable($file) == false) {
        die('不能写入');
}
$data = '帮客之家';
file_put_contents ($file, $data);
?>
Copy after login

file_put_contents函数在php5中新引进的函数(不知道存在的话用function_exists函数先判断一下)低版本的php无法使用,可以使用如下方式:

$f = fopen($file, 'w');
fwrite($f, $data);
fclose($f);
Copy after login

替换之。

写文件的时候有时候需要锁定,然后写:

function cache_page($pageurl,$pagedata){
    if(!$fso=fopen($pageurl,'w')){
        $this->warns('无法打开缓存文件.');//trigger_error
        return false;
    }
    if(!flock($fso,LOCK_EX)){//LOCK_NB,排它型锁定
        $this->warns('无法锁定缓存文件.');//trigger_error
        return false;
    }
    if(!fwrite($fso,$pagedata)){//写入字节流,serialize写入其他格式
        $this->warns('无法写入缓存文件.');//trigger_error
        return false;
    }
    flock($fso,LOCK_UN);//释放锁定
    fclose($fso);
    return true;
}
Copy after login

复制,删除文件

php删除文件非常简单,用unlink函数简单操作:

<?php
$file = 'dirlist.php';
$result = @unlink ($file);
if ($result == false) {
        echo '蚊子赶走了';
} else {
        echo '无法赶走';
}
?>
Copy after login

复制文件也很容易:

<?php
$file = 'yang.txt';
$newfile = 'ji.txt'; # 这个文件父文件夹必须能写
if (file_exists($file) == false) {
        die ('小样没上线,无法复制');
}
$result = copy($file, $newfile);
if ($result == false) {
        echo '复制记忆ok';
}
?>
Copy after login

可以使用rename()函数重命名一个文件夹。其他操作都是这几个函数组合一下就能实现的。

获取文件属性

获取最近修改时间:

<?php
$file = 'test.txt';
echo date('r', filemtime($file));
?>
Copy after login

返回的说unix的时间戳,这在缓存技术常用。

相关的还有获取上次被访问的时间fileatime(),filectime()当文件的权限,所有者,所有组或其它 inode 中的元数据被更新时间,fileowner()函数返回文件所有者。$owner = posix_getpwuid(fileowner($file));(非window系统),ileperms()获取文件的权限。

<?php
$file = 'dirlist.php';
$perms = substr(sprintf('%o', fileperms($file)), -4);
echo $perms;
?>
Copy after login

filesize()返回文件大小的字节数:

<?php
// 输出类似:somefile.txt: 1024 bytes
$filename = 'somefile.txt';
echo $filename . ': ' . filesize($filename) . ' bytes';
?>
Copy after login

获取文件的全部信息有个返回数组的函数stat()函数:

<?php
$file = 'dirlist.php';
$perms = stat($file);
 var_dump($perms);
?>
Copy after login
Statement of this Website
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap

Video Face Swap

Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1

Notepad++7.3.1

Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version

SublimeText3 Chinese version

Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6

Dreamweaver CS6

Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version

SublimeText3 Mac version

God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

PHP 8.4 Installation and Upgrade guide for Ubuntu and Debian PHP 8.4 Installation and Upgrade guide for Ubuntu and Debian Dec 24, 2024 pm 04:42 PM

PHP 8.4 brings several new features, security improvements, and performance improvements with healthy amounts of feature deprecations and removals. This guide explains how to install PHP 8.4 or upgrade to PHP 8.4 on Ubuntu, Debian, or their derivati

How To Set Up Visual Studio Code (VS Code) for PHP Development How To Set Up Visual Studio Code (VS Code) for PHP Development Dec 20, 2024 am 11:31 AM

Visual Studio Code, also known as VS Code, is a free source code editor — or integrated development environment (IDE) — available for all major operating systems. With a large collection of extensions for many programming languages, VS Code can be c

7 PHP Functions I Regret I Didn't Know Before 7 PHP Functions I Regret I Didn't Know Before Nov 13, 2024 am 09:42 AM

If you are an experienced PHP developer, you might have the feeling that you’ve been there and done that already.You have developed a significant number of applications, debugged millions of lines of code, and tweaked a bunch of scripts to achieve op

How do you parse and process HTML/XML in PHP? How do you parse and process HTML/XML in PHP? Feb 07, 2025 am 11:57 AM

This tutorial demonstrates how to efficiently process XML documents using PHP. XML (eXtensible Markup Language) is a versatile text-based markup language designed for both human readability and machine parsing. It's commonly used for data storage an

Explain JSON Web Tokens (JWT) and their use case in PHP APIs. Explain JSON Web Tokens (JWT) and their use case in PHP APIs. Apr 05, 2025 am 12:04 AM

JWT is an open standard based on JSON, used to securely transmit information between parties, mainly for identity authentication and information exchange. 1. JWT consists of three parts: Header, Payload and Signature. 2. The working principle of JWT includes three steps: generating JWT, verifying JWT and parsing Payload. 3. When using JWT for authentication in PHP, JWT can be generated and verified, and user role and permission information can be included in advanced usage. 4. Common errors include signature verification failure, token expiration, and payload oversized. Debugging skills include using debugging tools and logging. 5. Performance optimization and best practices include using appropriate signature algorithms, setting validity periods reasonably,

PHP Program to Count Vowels in a String PHP Program to Count Vowels in a String Feb 07, 2025 pm 12:12 PM

A string is a sequence of characters, including letters, numbers, and symbols. This tutorial will learn how to calculate the number of vowels in a given string in PHP using different methods. The vowels in English are a, e, i, o, u, and they can be uppercase or lowercase. What is a vowel? Vowels are alphabetic characters that represent a specific pronunciation. There are five vowels in English, including uppercase and lowercase: a, e, i, o, u Example 1 Input: String = "Tutorialspoint" Output: 6 explain The vowels in the string "Tutorialspoint" are u, o, i, a, o, i. There are 6 yuan in total

Explain late static binding in PHP (static::). Explain late static binding in PHP (static::). Apr 03, 2025 am 12:04 AM

Static binding (static::) implements late static binding (LSB) in PHP, allowing calling classes to be referenced in static contexts rather than defining classes. 1) The parsing process is performed at runtime, 2) Look up the call class in the inheritance relationship, 3) It may bring performance overhead.

What are PHP magic methods (__construct, __destruct, __call, __get, __set, etc.) and provide use cases? What are PHP magic methods (__construct, __destruct, __call, __get, __set, etc.) and provide use cases? Apr 03, 2025 am 12:03 AM

What are the magic methods of PHP? PHP's magic methods include: 1.\_\_construct, used to initialize objects; 2.\_\_destruct, used to clean up resources; 3.\_\_call, handle non-existent method calls; 4.\_\_get, implement dynamic attribute access; 5.\_\_set, implement dynamic attribute settings. These methods are automatically called in certain situations, improving code flexibility and efficiency.

See all articles