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PHP异常处理、错误报告、日志

Jun 13, 2016 am 09:47 AM
php under exist deal with abnormal Summarize us Report log mistake

在php中我们会经常碰到一些错误要去处理,下面我来总结php中的异常处理、错误报告、日志一些内容总结与介绍。

错误处理:

1.语法错误

2.运行时错误

3.逻辑错误

错误报告:

错误:E_ERROT 程序会中断,发生错误

警告:E_WARNING 程序不会中断,但可能部分功能没有实现

注意:E_NOTICE 不会影响程序,完全可以屏蔽

开发时输出所有错误报告,运行时禁用所有错误报告

将错误写入到日志中:

1.开启日志(php.ini中error_log = On),且关闭错误报告,错误(如果发生,但没有允许直接输出)日志将会被记录

2.如不指定日志路径,将默认写入web服务器日志中

设置错误报告:

error_reporting(E_ALL) //输出所有报告

修改php.ini配置文件:

 代码如下 复制代码

ini_set(“display_errors”,off) //修改为不显示错误报告

ini_get(“upload_max_filesize”) //读取配置文件中上传文件大小限制

异常处理:

意外,是在程序运行中发生的意料之外的事,使用异常改变脚本正常流程

PHP 5 提供了一种新的面向对象的错误处理方法。

异常处理用于在指定的错误(异常)情况发生时改变脚本的正常流程。这种情况称为异常。

当异常被触发时,通常会发生:

•当前代码状态被保存
•代码执行被切换到预定义的异常处理器函数
•根据情况,处理器也许会从保存的代码状态重新开始执行代码,终止脚本执行,或从代码中另外的位置继续执行脚本
我们将展示不同的错误处理方法:

•异常的基本使用
•创建自定义的异常处理器
•多个异常
•重新抛出异常
•设置顶层异常处理器

语法:

 代码如下 复制代码

try{

可能出错的代码

throw new Exception(“异常信息”)

}catch(Exception $e[异常对象]){

后面的正常代码

}


 代码如下 复制代码

function   runtimeErrorHandler($level,$string)
{
//自定义错误处理时,手动抛出一个异常实例
//为了把错误级别代码也显示出来,这里拼接了错误代码和错误信息作为新的错误信息来传递。
throw   new   Exception($level.'|'.$string);
}
//设置自定义错误处理函数
set_error_handler( "runtimeErrorHandler");

try
{
$a=2/0; 
//这里制造一个以前无法截获的除0错误
}
catch(Exception $e)
{
echo '错误信息:', $e->getMessage();
//显示错误,这里就可以看到错误级别和错误信息了“2|Division by zero”
}

1.如果try中代码没有异常,则正常执行。

2.如果try中代码有异常,则抛出一个异常对象,在catch()中捕捉$e就指向异常对象。再继续向下执行

3.$e->getMessage()获取异常信息

自定义异常类:

作用:写一些方法解决特定异常(内置的类没有处理方法)

1.自定义异常类,必须是Exception(内置类)的子类

2.Exception类中只有构造方法和toString()可以重写

3.定义需要的方法

异常的规则

•需要进行异常处理的代码应该放入 try 代码块内,以便捕获潜在的异常。
•每个 try 或 throw 代码块必须至少拥有一个对应的 catch 代码块。
•使用多个 catch 代码块可以捕获不同种类的异常。
•可以在 try 代码块内的 catch 代码块中再次抛出(re-thrown)异常。

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