如何在应用程序中避免死锁问题？
任何基于锁的并发系统的一个不可避免的特点是在某些条件下系统可能阻塞。当一个连接占有一个锁而另一个连接试图改变锁的状态时，第二个连接要么等待第一个连接释放锁，要么因此而被阻塞。
为了获得最好的可扩展性，性能和并发能力，在设计应用程序和查询语句时，应该注意尽量缩短事务的长度， 并且减少占有锁的时间。大多数并发问题往往出现在应用程序和数据库的设计阶段，因此，设计阶段如果充分考虑这个因素至关重要。
否则，应用程序就会存在潜在的潜能缺陷， 而且一般要到应用程序扩展性测试时才被发现。
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