以前编写Like谓词被忽略的使用方法
我们知道在使用SQL语句编写查询时会用到SELECT语句。它的基本结构如下:
SELECT ... ... FROM ... ... WHERE ... ... ORDER BY ... ...
在使用WHERE条件子句时我们知道可以通过LIKE关键字进行模糊查询,而且我们也知道可以使用通配符实现这个。我们通常知道的通配符有下划线_和百分号%。其实我们还有其它的查询匹配可用,只是我们不经常使用而忽略了它们。被我们忽略的就是匹配特定范围[]和匹配特定范围之外的[^]两个。
下面大家先看看在Microsoft SQL Server中定义的通配符:
通配符 说明
_(下划线) 与任意单字符匹配
% 与包含一个或多个字符的字符串匹配
[ ] 与特定范围(例如,[a-f])或特定集(例如,[abcdef])中的任意单字符匹配。
[^] 与特定范围(例如,[^a-f])或特定集(例如,[^abcdef])之外的任意单字符匹配。
下面我们列出一些事例去说明这些通配符的使用。
•
WHERE FirstName LIKE '_im' 可以找到所有三个字母的、以 im 结尾的名字(例如,Jim、Tim)。
•
WHERE LastName LIKE '%stein' 可以找到姓以 stein 结尾的所有员工。
•
WHERE LastName LIKE '%stein%' 可以找到姓中任意位置包括 stein 的所有员工。
•
WHERE FirstName LIKE '[JT]im' 可以找到三个字母的、以 im 结尾并以 J 或 T 开始的名字(即仅有 Jim 和 Tim)
•
WHERE LastName LIKE 'm[^c]%' 可以找到以 m 开始的、后面的(第二个)字母不为 c 的所有姓。

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