MySQL 4.1的编码问题
下面要写的是一篇非常无聊的东西,充斥了大量各式各样的编码、转换、客户端、服务器端、连接……呃,我自己都不愿意去看它,但想一想,写下来还是有点意义的,原因有四:
MySQL 4.1 对多语言的支持有了很大变化 (这导致了问题的出现);
尽管大部分的地方 (包括个人使用和主机提供商),MySQL 3 仍然占主导地位;但 MySQL 4.1 是 MySQL 官方推荐的数据库,已经有主机提供商开始提供并将会越来越多;
许多 PHP 程序以 MySQL 作为默认的数据库管理软件,但它们一般不区分 MySQL 4.1 与 4.1 以下版本的区别,笼统地称“MySQL 3.xx.xx 以上版本”就满足安装需求了;
因为 latin1 在许多地方 (下边会详细描述具体是哪些地方) 作为默认的字符集,成功的蒙蔽了许多 PHP 程序的开发者和用户,掩盖了在中文等语言环境下会出现的问题; <br>
简单的说,MySQL 自身的变化和使用 MySQL 的 PHP 程序对此忽略,导致了问题的出现和复杂化,而由于大部分用户使用的是英文,使这种问题不被重视。这里提到的 PHP 程序,主要就 WordPress 而言。
MySQL 4.1 字符集支持的原理
MySQL 4.1 对于字符集的指定可以细化到一台机器上安装的 MySQL,其中的一个数据库,其中的一张表,其中的一栏,应该用什么字符集。但是,传统的 Web 程序在创建数据库和数据表时并没有使用那么复杂的配置,它们用的是默认的配置,那么,默认的配置从何而来呢?
编译 MySQL 时,指定了一个默认的字符集,这个字符集是 latin1;
安装 MySQL 时,可以在配置文件 (my.ini) 中指定一个默认的的字符集,如果没指定,这个值继承自编译时指定的;
启动 mysqld 时,可以在命令行参数中指定一个默认的的字符集,如果没指定,这个值继承自配置文件中的;
此时
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